[1] HU Q X, LIU X, WEN C L, et al. Remimazolam: an updated review of a new sedative and anaesthetic[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2022, 16:3957-3974. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S384155
[2] KIM S H, FECHNER J. Remimazolam - current knowledge on a new intravenous benzodiazepine anesthetic agent[J]. Korean J Anesthesiol, 2022, 75(4):307-315. doi:  10.4097/kja.22297
[3] WESOLOWSKI A M, ZACCAGNINO M P, MALAPERO R J, et al. Remimazolam: pharmacologic considerations and clinical role in anesthesiology[J]. Pharmacotherapy, 2016, 36(9):1021-1027. doi:  10.1002/phar.1806
[4] LEE A, SHIRLEY M. Remimazolam: a review in procedural sedation[J]. Drugs, 2021, 81(10):1193-1201. doi:  10.1007/s40265-021-01544-8
[5] KILPATRICK G J. Remimazolam: non-clinical and clinical profile of a new sedative/anesthetic agent[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:690875. doi:  10.3389/fphar.2021.690875
[6] KIM K M. Remimazolam: pharmacological characteristics and clinical applications in anesthesiology[J]. Anesth Pain Med, 2022, 17(1):1-11. doi:  10.17085/apm.21115
[7] SHENG X Y, LIANG Y, YANG X Y, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of single ascending dose and continuous infusion of remimazolam besylate in healthy Chinese volunteers[J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2020, 76(3):383-391. doi:  10.1007/s00228-019-02800-3
[8] ZHOU J, LEONOWENS C, IVATURI V D, et al. Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling for remimazolam in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in healthy subjects and in surgical subjects[J]. J Clin Anesth, 2020, 66:109899. doi:  10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.109899
[9] SCHÜTTLER J, EISENRIED A, LERCH M, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of remimazolam(CNS 7056)after continuous infusion in healthy male volunteers: part I. pharmacokinetics and clinical pharmacodynamics[J]. Anesthesiology, 2020, 132(4):636-651. doi:  10.1097/ALN.0000000000003103
[10] CHAE D, KIM H C, SONG Y, et al. Pharmacodynamic analysis of intravenous bolus remimazolam for loss of consciousness in patients undergoing general anaesthesia: a randomised, prospective, double-blind study[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2022, 129(1):49-57. doi:  10.1016/j.bja.2022.02.040
[11] QU L C, LIU M, OUYANG R, et al. Determination of the 95% effective dose of remimazolam tosylate in anesthesia induction inhibits endotracheal intubation response in senile patients[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2023, 14:1136003. doi:  10.3389/fphar.2023.1136003
[12] STÖHR T, COLIN P J, OSSIG J, et al. Pharmacokinetic properties of remimazolam in subjects with hepatic or renal impairment[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2021, 127(3):415-423. doi:  10.1016/j.bja.2021.05.027
[13] WEI A, MA S J, DOU Y Z, et al. The safety and efficacy of remimazolam tosylate combined with propofol in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial[J]. PLoS One, 2023, 18(8):e0282930. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0282930
[14] WANG C Y, GAO Y Z, LI J, et al. Safety and effectiveness of the combination of remimazolam tosilate and propofol in gastroscopy: a multicenter, randomized controlled, single-blind clinical trial[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2023, 14:1124667. doi:  10.3389/fphar.2023.1124667
[15] LI W, ZHAO J, HAO R P, et al. The efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate combined with esketamine for outpatient colonoscopy: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2023, 17:2875-2887. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S425860
[16] FAN S Y, ZHU Y, SUI C Z, et al. Remimazolam compared to propofol during hysteroscopy: a safety and efficacy analysis[J]. Pain Ther, 2023, 12(3):695-706. doi:  10.1007/s40122-023-00483-4
[17] LEE J, JEONG S, LEE D H, et al. Finding the ideal sedative: a non-inferiority study of remimazolam vs propofol in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2023, 38(12):2160-2166. doi:  10.1111/jgh.16354
[18] DONG S A, GUO Y, LIU S S, et al. A randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing remimazolam to propofol when combined with alfentanil for sedation during ERCP procedures[J]. J Clin Anesth, 2023, 86:111077. doi:  10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111077
[19] ZHANG L, YU L, XU L, et al. Effectiveness of remimazolam besylate combined with alfentanil for fiberoptic bronchoscopy with preserved spontaneous breathing: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2023, 27(13):6071-6080.
[20] ZHANG J X, ZHANG Y Y, FANG X, et al. Comparison of remimazolam and propofol for drug-induced sleep endoscopy: a randomized clinical trial[J]. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2023, 169(5):1356-1365. doi:  10.1002/ohn.387
[21] GAO J L, YANG C D, JI Q Y, et al. Effect of remimazolam versus propofol for the induction of general anesthesia on cerebral blood flow and oxygen saturation in elderly patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy[J]. BMC Anesthesiol, 2023, 23(1):153. doi:  10.1186/s12871-023-02095-z
[22] HU B L, ZHANG M, WU Z, et al. Comparison of remimazolam tosilate and etomidate on hemodynamics in cardiac surgery: a randomised controlled trial[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2023, 17:381-388. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S401969
[23] HUANG X F, CAO H Y, ZHANG C W, et al. The difference in mean arterial pressure induced by remimazolam compared to etomidate in the presence of fentanyl at tracheal intubation: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2023, 14:1143784. doi:  10.3389/fphar.2023.1143784
[24] LUO W C, SUN M L, WAN J, et al. Efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosilate versus propofol in patients undergoing day surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial[J]. BMC Anesthesiol, 2023, 23(1):182. doi:  10.1186/s12871-023-02092-2
[25] LEE T Y, KIM M A, EOM D W, et al. Comparison of remimazolam-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil during laparoscopic cholecystectomy[J]. Anesth Pain Med, 2023, 18(3):252-259. doi:  10.17085/apm.22252
[26] YUE L L, MA X L, LI N, et al. Remimazolam versus propofol in combination with esketamine for surgical abortion: a double-blind randomized controlled trial[J]. Clin Transl Sci, 2023, 16(9):1606-1616. doi:  10.1111/cts.13572
[27] NAM S W, YIM S, CHOI C I, et al. Effects of remimazolam on hemodynamic changes during cardiac ablation for atrial fibrillation under general anesthesia: a propensity-score-matched retrospective cohort study[J]. J Can D’anesthesie, 2023, 70(9):1495-1503. doi:  10.1007/s12630-023-02514-2
[28] CHOI J Y, LEE H S, KIM J Y, et al. Comparison of remimazolam-based and propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia on postoperative quality of recovery: a randomized non-inferiority trial[J]. J Clin Anesth, 2022, 82:110955. doi:  10.1016/j.jclinane.2022.110955
[29] MAO Y Y, GUO J, YUAN J J, et al. Quality of recovery after general anesthesia with remimazolam in patients' undergoing urologic surgery: a randomized controlled trial comparing remimazolam with propofol[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2022, 16:1199-1209. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S359496
[30] YANG J J, LEI L, QIU D, et al. Effect of remimazolam on postoperative delirium in older adult patients undergoing orthopedic surgery: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2023, 17:143-153. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S392569
[31] LIAO Y Q, MIN J, WU Z X, et al. Comparison of the effects of remimazolam and dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with gastric cancer[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2023, 15:1123089. doi:  10.3389/fnagi.2023.1123089
[32] SUN Y Y, ZHANG J, FENG S W. Remimazolam supplemented to general anesthesia alleviates stress and cognitive impairment in elder patients after hip surgery[J]. Psychiatry Investig, 2023, 20(4):301-306. doi:  10.30773/pi.2022.0323
[33] LIU F, CHENG X Y, WANG Y J, et al. Effect of remimazolam tosilate on the incidence of hypoxemia in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: a bi-center, prospective, randomized controlled study[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2023, 14:1131391. doi:  10.3389/fphar.2023.1131391
[34] SEKIGUCHI R, KINOSHITA M, KAWANISHI R, et al. Comparison of hemodynamics during induction of general anesthesia with remimazolam and target-controlled propofol in middle-aged and elderly patients: a single-center, randomized, controlled trial[J]. BMC Anesthesiol, 2023, 23(1):14. doi:  10.1186/s12871-023-01974-9
[35] LEE S, KANG H Y, AHN Y N, et al. Comparison of the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury following the administration of remimazolam or sevoflurane in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Pers Med, 2023, 13(5):789. doi:  10.3390/jpm13050789
[36] DENG C M, MENG Z T, YANG J, et al. Effect of intraoperative remimazolam on postoperative sleep quality in elderly patients after total joint arthroplasty: a randomized control trial[J]. J Anesth, 2023, 37(4):511-521. doi:  10.1007/s00540-023-03193-5
[37] KUANG Q J, ZHONG N Y, YE C S, et al. Propofol versus remimazolam on cognitive function, hemodynamics, and oxygenation during one-lung ventilation in older patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2023, 37(10):1996-2005. doi:  10.1053/j.jvca.2023.06.027
[38] WANG L N, WANG Y, MA L, et al. Cardiopulmonary adverse events of remimazolam versus propofol during cervical conization: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2023, 17:1233-1243. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S405057
[39] LEE C, LEE C, LEE H, et al. The effect of remimazolam compared to sevoflurane on postoperative shivering in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery under general anesthesia: a prospective randomized controlled trial[J]. Medicina, 2023, 59(3):578. doi:  10.3390/medicina59030578
[40] TEIXEIRA M T, BRINKMAN N J, PASTERNAK J J, et al. The role of remimazolam in neurosurgery and in patients with neurological diseases: a narrative review[J]. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol, 2024, 36(1):11-19. doi:  10.1097/ANA.0000000000000917
[41] KANEKO S, MORIMOTO T, ICHINOMIYA T, et al. Effect of remimazolam on the incidence of delirium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation under general anesthesia: a retrospective exploratory study[J]. J Anesth, 2023, 37(2):210-218. doi:  10.1007/s00540-022-03148-2
[42] ZHANG K Y, BAO Y, HAN X, et al. Effects of opioid-free propofol or remimazolam balanced anesthesia on hypoxemia incidence in patients with obesity during gastrointestinal endoscopy: a prospective, randomized clinical trial[J]. Front Med, 2023, 10:1124743. doi:  10.3389/fmed.2023.1124743
[43] DUAN J J, JU X, WANG X, et al. Effects of remimazolam and propofol on emergence agitation in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement: a clinical, randomized, controlled study[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2023, 17:2669-2678. doi:  10.2147/DDDT.S419146
[44] SONG S W, KIM S, PARK J H, et al. Post-induction hypotension with remimazolam versus propofol in patients routinely administered angiotensin axis blockades: a randomized control trial[J]. BMC Anesthesiol, 2023, 23(1):219. doi:  10.1186/s12871-023-02188-9
[45] KIMOTO Y, HIRANO T, KURATANI N, et al. Remimazolam as an adjunct to general anesthesia in children: adverse events and outcomes in a large cohort of 418 cases[J]. J Clin Med, 2023, 12(12):3930. doi:  10.3390/jcm12123930
[46] SUZUKI Y, KAWASHIMA S, MAKINO H, et al. Comparison of postoperative nausea and vomiting between remimazolam and propofol: a propensity score-matched, retrospective, observational, single-center cohort study[J]. Korean J Anesthesiol, 2023, 76(2):143-151. doi:  10.4097/kja.22441
[47] KIM E J, KIM C H, YOON J Y, et al. Comparison of postoperative nausea and vomiting between Remimazolam and Propofol in Patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery: a prospective Randomized Controlled Trial[J]. BMC Anesthesiol, 2023, 23(1):132. doi:  10.1186/s12871-023-02091-3
[48] MATSUMOTO A, SATOMI S, KAKUTA N, et al. Remimazolam’s effects on postoperative nausea and vomiting are similar to those of propofol after laparoscopic gynecological surgery: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Clin Med, 2023, 12(16):5402. doi:  10.3390/jcm12165402
[49] LEE H J, LEE H B, KIM Y J, et al. Comparison of the recovery profile of remimazolam with flumazenil and propofol anesthesia for open thyroidectomy[J]. BMC Anesthesiol, 2023, 23(1):147. doi:  10.1186/s12871-023-02104-1
[50] CHEN X, SANG N E, SONG K C, et al. Psychomotor recovery following remimazolam-induced sedation and the effectiveness of flumazenil as an antidote[J]. Clin Ther, 2020, 42(4):614-624. doi:  10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.02.006
[51] PAN Y F, CHEN M, GU F L, et al. Comparison of remimazolam-flumazenil versus propofol for rigid bronchoscopy: a prospective randomized controlled trial[J]. J Clin Med, 2022, 12(1):257. doi:  10.3390/jcm12010257
[52] SATO T, MIMURO S, KURITA T, et al. Recall of extubation after remimazolam anesthesia with flumazenil antagonism during emergence: a retrospective clinical study[J]. J Anesth, 2022, 36(6):688-692. doi:  10.1007/s00540-022-03093-0
[53] OH E J, CHUNG Y J, LEE J H, et al. Comparison of propofol vs. remimazolam on emergence profiles after general anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial[J]. J Clin Anesth, 2023, 90:111223. doi:  10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111223
[54] SHIMIZU T, TAKASUSUKI T, YAMAGUCHI S. Remimazolam compared to propofol for total intravenous anesthesia with remifentanil on the recovery of psychomotor function: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Adv Ther, 2023, 40(10):4395-4404. doi:  10.1007/s12325-023-02615-w
[55] WU Q T, XU F C, WANG J, et al. Comparison of remimazolam-flumazenil versus propofol for recovery from general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Clin Med, 2023, 12(23):7316. doi:  10.3390/jcm12237316
[56] SNEYD J R, GAMBUS P L, RIGBY-JONES A E. Current status of perioperative hypnotics, role of benzodiazepines, and the case for remimazolam: a narrative review[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2021, 127(1):41-55. doi:  10.1016/j.bja.2021.03.028