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相对于传统纳米载体而言,由红细胞、血小板、干细胞、巨噬细胞、肿瘤细胞以及细菌等构成的新型内源性载体具有生物相容性好、靶向性高的显著优势[1]。但是,该类细胞载体由于自身理化性质导致其无法在特定组织内渗透和摄取。近年来,随着纳米技术与生物技术的交叉融合,研究者从仿生角度出发,通过物理挤出、共孵育和微流体等技术工艺将各类型天然细胞膜与纳米载体内核相结合,制备出体内循环时间长、生物相容性好、胞内细胞器靶向性能高的新型仿生纳米药物载体[2]。本文综述了细胞膜修饰技术的基本原理及几种最为常用的细胞膜修饰纳米载体的特点及应用。
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