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食管癌是一种消化道恶性肿瘤,在全球发病率很高且患病人数在逐年上升。2020年全球新发确诊食管癌病例60.4万,因食管癌死亡人数约54.4万,发病率和病死率分别位居全球恶性肿瘤第7位和第6位[1]。我国是全球食管癌发病人数和死亡人数最多的国家,食管癌俨然已成为严重威胁我国国民健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一。在过去的几十年里,食管癌的治疗模式主要是手术切除结合放化疗,但该疗法效果并不理想,预后差,病死率高。近些年,分子靶向治疗和免疫治疗应运而生,打破了食管癌的治疗瓶颈,在食管癌的治疗中发挥重要作用,正逐步成为食管癌的一线治疗方案。本研究综述目前主要的食管癌治疗靶点及其相关靶向药物的研究进展。
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