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植物内生真菌与宿主植物共生,可调节植物应对多种生物和非生物胁迫,促进植物产次生代谢产物[1-4]。除了对自身宿主植物的有益影响,当前已有许多研究表明内生真菌对非宿主植物同样具有重要的生态功能,如分离自短芒大麦草、麦草、醉马草的内生真菌asexual Epichloë gansuensis可显著改善老芒麦种子萌发并促进其生长[5];分离自沙漠植物的印度梨形孢(Piriformaspore indica)可促进药用植物丁香罗勒生长并减少叶和茎中熊果酸和齐墩果酸的积累[6];分离自重阳木的内生真菌拟茎点霉(Phomopsis sp.)可加快药用植物苍术凋落物木质素的降解,有助于减小连作障碍效应[7]。这些现象为内生菌资源的新生态功能研究,及其对非宿主药用植物的活性成分的研究提供了新的思路,促使越来越多国内外的学者在这一领域开展相关研究。
中药丹参为唇形科植物丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza的干燥根和根茎[8],是一种被广泛应用于心脑血管疾病治疗的重要中药材[9]。现代药理学研究表明,丹参的主要活性成分为脂溶性的丹参酮类化合物和水溶性的丹参酚酸类化合物[10]。本课题组前期获得一种可促进模式植物拟南芥生长的内生真菌Epichloë bromicola SH09。E. bromicola是一种与冷季型牧草长期、永久共存的内生真菌,可导致禾草香柱病[11-13],其对双子叶药用植物的生长和代谢是否有影响尚不明确。因此,本文主要探究内生真菌E. bromicola SH09是否可以促进模式药用植物丹参生长,增加其活性成分的积累,研究成果有助于理解内生真菌对非宿主植物产生的生态功能,并有助于丹参生物菌肥的栽培应用。
Effects of endophytic fungus SH09 on plant growth and accumulation of active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza
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摘要:
目的 研究内生真菌Epichloë bromicola SH09是否对丹参的生长和有效成分积累有促进作用,以提高药用植物丹参的品质。 方法 制备E. bromicola SH09固体菌肥,与丹参苗共培养60 d和120 d,分别测定E. bromicola处理组和对照组丹参的4种形态指标、根的鲜重、根的干重及根中4种丹参酮含量和2种丹参酚酸含量。 结果 共培养60 d和120 d后,E. bromicola SH09可显著提高丹参苗分蘖数、株高、叶片数、叶面积、根鲜重、根干重及根中丹参酮和丹参酚酸的积累量。 结论 内生真菌E. bromicola SH09能有效促进丹参生长发育和活性成分积累。本研究结果不仅有助于拓宽内生真菌新生态功能的研究,同时有助于提高药用植物丹参的品质。 Abstract:Objective To study the effects of endophytic fungus Epichloë bromicola SH09 on the plant growth and accumulation of active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza, and improve the quality of medicinal plant S. miltiorrhiza. Methods E. bromicola SH09 solid bacterial fertilizer was prepared and co-cultured with S. miltiorrhiza for 60 d and 120 d. Four morphological indexes, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots, and the contents of four tanshinones and two phenolic acids in the roots of S. miltiorrhiza from treated group and control group were assayed, respectively. Results After 60 d and 120 d co-culture, E. Bromicola SH09 significantly increased the tiller number, plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots, and the content of tanshinones and phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiz. Conclusion The endophytic fungus E. bromicola SH09 can effectively promote the plant growth and improve the accumulation of active components in S. miltiorrhiza, which not only broadens the new ecological functions of endophytic fungi, but also improves the quality of medicinal plant S. miltiorrhiza. -
Key words:
- endophytic fungus /
- morphological index /
- tanshinone /
- phenolic acid
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