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创伤大出血是人类创伤死亡的第二大死因,占创伤死亡总数的15%[1]。在院前止血阶段,传统止血材料在一定程度上存在止血效果不佳、储存时间短、应用不方便等缺点,使得控制创伤大出血仍是一大亟待解决的难题。进入到院内手术阶段,简单的纱布止血仍是一种常规选择,这为开发新型止血材料提供了广阔的空间。纳米技术可以在纳米尺度上改造并利用微观结构,赋予了纳米材料改良的扩散性和溶解性、易于穿透生理屏障、比表面积大、药物的缓控和靶向释放等独特优势[2]。近年来,基于脂质体、纳米粒、自组装纳米肽等纳米止血材料的研究日益深入,为现代化新型止血材料的发展奠定了良好基础。本文旨在综述脂质体、纳米粒、自组装纳米肽、纳米纤维等多种纳米止血材料的前沿设计和应用进展,为下一步研究应用提供参考。
Research progress in nanomaterials in hemostasis
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摘要: 纳米材料因其独特的微观结构优势,已被广泛应用于材料制备、微电子与计算机技术、医学与健康、环境与能源等领域。与传统止血材料相比,纳米材料在一定程度上能提高传统止血药物的生物利用度和稳定性,增强药物的缓控与靶向释放,为现代化新型止血材料的发展奠定了良好的基础。对脂质体、纳米粒、自组装纳米肽、纳米纤维等多种纳米止血材料的前沿设计和应用进展进行了综述,最后简述纳米止血材料存在的问题和发展前景。Abstract: Nanomaterials, with the advantages of unique microstructure, have been widely used in the fields of material manufacturing, microelectronics and computer technology, medicine and health, environment and energy. Compared with traditional hemostatic materials, nanomaterials can improve the bioavailability and stability of traditional hemostatic drugs to a certain extent, enhance the controlled and targeted release of drugs, which lay a good foundation for the development of new-style modern hemostatic nanomaterials. This paper reviews the advanced design and application progress of various nanomaterials in hemostasis, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, self-assembled nano peptides, nanofibers, etc. Finally, the challenges and prospects of hemostatic nanomaterials are briefly described.
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Key words:
- nanomaterial /
- hemostasis /
- liposome /
- nanoparticle /
- self-assembled nano peptide /
- nanofiber
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