2014 Vol. 32, No. 3
Display Method:
2014, 32(3): 161-166.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.001
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Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a critical nuclear transcriptional factor mediating cell adaptive response to hypoxia in mammalian and human. It is the key mediator which modulates oxygen homeostasis exclusively. In the one hand, HIF-1 can protect and promote kinds of physiological processes, such as embryo normal development, cartilage and bone formation. In the other hand, it is also involved in lots of human deceases which is caused by ischemia and hypoxia, such as tumor, diabetes and its complications. The molecular mechanisms of HIF-1 involved in these diseases have become a research hotspot and such studies will provide the new therapeutic means for these diseases, recent new drug researches have been focused on HIF-1 related signal pathway inhibitors, HIF-1 activity inhibitors, HIF-1 targeted therapy, etc.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a critical nuclear transcriptional factor mediating cell adaptive response to hypoxia in mammalian and human. It is the key mediator which modulates oxygen homeostasis exclusively. In the one hand, HIF-1 can protect and promote kinds of physiological processes, such as embryo normal development, cartilage and bone formation. In the other hand, it is also involved in lots of human deceases which is caused by ischemia and hypoxia, such as tumor, diabetes and its complications. The molecular mechanisms of HIF-1 involved in these diseases have become a research hotspot and such studies will provide the new therapeutic means for these diseases, recent new drug researches have been focused on HIF-1 related signal pathway inhibitors, HIF-1 activity inhibitors, HIF-1 targeted therapy, etc.
2014, 32(3): 167-170,198.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.002
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The literatures of classic and modern application of herbal juice, like ginger juice, licorice juice, rice water, evodia rutaecarpa juice, black soya bean juice, bile, etc were collected. The history and successive changes of the processing research of herbal juice used as processing excipient were summarized, which could offer the reference to the modern processing excipient of herbal juice.
The literatures of classic and modern application of herbal juice, like ginger juice, licorice juice, rice water, evodia rutaecarpa juice, black soya bean juice, bile, etc were collected. The history and successive changes of the processing research of herbal juice used as processing excipient were summarized, which could offer the reference to the modern processing excipient of herbal juice.
2014, 32(3): 171-175.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.003
Abstract:
Berberine was an isoquinoline type alkaloid extracted from Chinese herbs such as Coptis chinensis. Recently, as a great many berberine derivatives had been synthesized with comprehensive physiological functions, the structural modification and application of berberine showed great promising significance. Recent literatures had been systematically analyzed and summarized in this review. With abundant pharmacological activities of berberine different sites'derivatives had been presented, systematical information of berberine structural modification as a lead compound and new drug R&D were provided in this article.
Berberine was an isoquinoline type alkaloid extracted from Chinese herbs such as Coptis chinensis. Recently, as a great many berberine derivatives had been synthesized with comprehensive physiological functions, the structural modification and application of berberine showed great promising significance. Recent literatures had been systematically analyzed and summarized in this review. With abundant pharmacological activities of berberine different sites'derivatives had been presented, systematical information of berberine structural modification as a lead compound and new drug R&D were provided in this article.
2014, 32(3): 176-180,190.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.004
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Steroid hormones were chemical compounds of high efficiency, which played a significant role in various physiological activities. However, the concentrations of hormones in vivo were extremely low, so it was very important for their accurate quantification. Chromatography-mass spectrometry technology was widely employed because of advances in high efficient, rapid and sensitive. The application of steroid hormone analysis by chromatography-mass spectrometry was reviewed in this paper, which could provide reference for furthuer clinical research.
Steroid hormones were chemical compounds of high efficiency, which played a significant role in various physiological activities. However, the concentrations of hormones in vivo were extremely low, so it was very important for their accurate quantification. Chromatography-mass spectrometry technology was widely employed because of advances in high efficient, rapid and sensitive. The application of steroid hormone analysis by chromatography-mass spectrometry was reviewed in this paper, which could provide reference for furthuer clinical research.
2014, 32(3): 179-185.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.005
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As special commodities, drugs had closely relationships with human beings' health and life safety. Impurity, which would influence the stability and efficacy of drugs, was closely related to the quality, safety and efficacy of drugs. With more and more attendance had been attached to the impurity's control in the development of drugs, researchers turned their attentions to the analysis of trace impurity. In this paper, related progresses in recent 10 years were summarized, including guiding principles in impurity research, technologies in qualitative research and general approaches in quantitative research.
As special commodities, drugs had closely relationships with human beings' health and life safety. Impurity, which would influence the stability and efficacy of drugs, was closely related to the quality, safety and efficacy of drugs. With more and more attendance had been attached to the impurity's control in the development of drugs, researchers turned their attentions to the analysis of trace impurity. In this paper, related progresses in recent 10 years were summarized, including guiding principles in impurity research, technologies in qualitative research and general approaches in quantitative research.
2014, 32(3): 186-190.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.006
Abstract:
Objective To synthesize a new series of triazole compounds with naphthalene benzyl as side chain and evaluate the antifungal activity. Methods Nine title compounds were synthesized and determined by the 1H NMR and MS spectra. According to the method recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards(NCCLS), the RPMI-1640 test medium was used,the antifungal activities of all the compounds were evaluated against eight human pathogenic fungi in vitro. Results The title compounds exhibited potent antifungal activities. Compound 1c showed high activities against 7 funguses except Aspergillus fumigatus with the MIC80 values less than 0.125 μg/ml, which was 16 times higher than that of Voriconazole. Conclusion The title compounds with naphthalene and alkyl substituent showed potent antifungal activities.
Objective To synthesize a new series of triazole compounds with naphthalene benzyl as side chain and evaluate the antifungal activity. Methods Nine title compounds were synthesized and determined by the 1H NMR and MS spectra. According to the method recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards(NCCLS), the RPMI-1640 test medium was used,the antifungal activities of all the compounds were evaluated against eight human pathogenic fungi in vitro. Results The title compounds exhibited potent antifungal activities. Compound 1c showed high activities against 7 funguses except Aspergillus fumigatus with the MIC80 values less than 0.125 μg/ml, which was 16 times higher than that of Voriconazole. Conclusion The title compounds with naphthalene and alkyl substituent showed potent antifungal activities.
2014, 32(3): 191-194.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.007
Abstract:
Objective To synthesize the enantiomers of (E)-6-methoxy-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol,determine their structures by XRD and evaluate their anti-tumor activity in vitro. Methods The target compounds were prepared from 2,6-Dimethoxybenzoyl chloride. The key intermediate,(E)-6-methoxy-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-one,was obtained through Cornforth reduction and Knoevenael reaction,and the final R,S compounds were got by CBS asymmetric reduction.The structure of the target compounds were determined by XRD. The target compounds were rested by anti-tubulin and anti-tumor assay. Results The structure of the target compounds were determined by 1H NMR,13C NMR,MS,and XRD analysis.The yield of asymmetric reduction reaction was 90.3%,e.e.% was 99.04%,in vitro anti-tumor assay showed all of the S isomer had stronger anticancer activity than the R isomer,especially on CCRF-CEM cell(IC50=1 nmol/L),HCT-116 cell(IC50=0.14 μmol/L) and inhibition of tubulin polymerization (IC50=0.41 μmol/L). Conclusion The CBS asymmetric reduction was a good way to get high-yield and high optical purity compound. The S isomer with outstanding anticancer activity was worth further research.
Objective To synthesize the enantiomers of (E)-6-methoxy-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol,determine their structures by XRD and evaluate their anti-tumor activity in vitro. Methods The target compounds were prepared from 2,6-Dimethoxybenzoyl chloride. The key intermediate,(E)-6-methoxy-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-one,was obtained through Cornforth reduction and Knoevenael reaction,and the final R,S compounds were got by CBS asymmetric reduction.The structure of the target compounds were determined by XRD. The target compounds were rested by anti-tubulin and anti-tumor assay. Results The structure of the target compounds were determined by 1H NMR,13C NMR,MS,and XRD analysis.The yield of asymmetric reduction reaction was 90.3%,e.e.% was 99.04%,in vitro anti-tumor assay showed all of the S isomer had stronger anticancer activity than the R isomer,especially on CCRF-CEM cell(IC50=1 nmol/L),HCT-116 cell(IC50=0.14 μmol/L) and inhibition of tubulin polymerization (IC50=0.41 μmol/L). Conclusion The CBS asymmetric reduction was a good way to get high-yield and high optical purity compound. The S isomer with outstanding anticancer activity was worth further research.
2014, 32(3): 195-198.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.008
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Objective To observe the effect of different doses unilateral and compound of artesunate and ursolic acid on lipid metabolism in rats' model, find out the best ratio of artesunate and ursolic acid. Methods Lipid metabolism disorders model was induced by feeding high fat diet in rat.The best ratio was screened through comparing the lipid level of rats ofdifferent groups. Results The results showed that Artesunate (high dose)+Ursolicacid (high dose) significantly reduced TG, CHO and LDL-C, increased HDL-C and H/L. Lipid-lowering effect was superior the positive drug fenofibrate, but also superior to the same dose of artesunate and ursolic acid alone. No significant effect of each test sample on the rat liver function was observed(P>0.05). Conclusion Artesunate and ursolic acid ratio of 1:1 had the best lipid-lowering effect, and the recommended dose was (50+50) mg/kg.
Objective To observe the effect of different doses unilateral and compound of artesunate and ursolic acid on lipid metabolism in rats' model, find out the best ratio of artesunate and ursolic acid. Methods Lipid metabolism disorders model was induced by feeding high fat diet in rat.The best ratio was screened through comparing the lipid level of rats ofdifferent groups. Results The results showed that Artesunate (high dose)+Ursolicacid (high dose) significantly reduced TG, CHO and LDL-C, increased HDL-C and H/L. Lipid-lowering effect was superior the positive drug fenofibrate, but also superior to the same dose of artesunate and ursolic acid alone. No significant effect of each test sample on the rat liver function was observed(P>0.05). Conclusion Artesunate and ursolic acid ratio of 1:1 had the best lipid-lowering effect, and the recommended dose was (50+50) mg/kg.
2014, 32(3): 199-202.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.009
Abstract:
Objective To study effect of virus inactivation/removal treated by solvent/detergent method and dry heating at 80℃, 72 h for inactivation in human coagulation factor Ⅷ. Methods Human coagulation factor Ⅷ extracted from healthy human plasma were treated by solvent/detergent method and dry heating at 80℃, 72 h for inactivation. The virus inactivation effect was validated by adding the indicator virus ( PRV, Sindbis, HIV, EMCV, PPV). Results The methods could effectively inactivate lipid-enveloped and non lipid-enveloped viruses which could be used for virus inactivation/removal during human coagulation factor Ⅷ experiments, the residual amount of TNBP in production was less than one percent ten thousand(10 ppm), the residual Tween-80 concentration was less than one percent hundred thousand(100 ppm),which all met the safety standards. Conclusion and no significant change was observed in the activation and other indicators of human coagulation factor Ⅷ.
Objective To study effect of virus inactivation/removal treated by solvent/detergent method and dry heating at 80℃, 72 h for inactivation in human coagulation factor Ⅷ. Methods Human coagulation factor Ⅷ extracted from healthy human plasma were treated by solvent/detergent method and dry heating at 80℃, 72 h for inactivation. The virus inactivation effect was validated by adding the indicator virus ( PRV, Sindbis, HIV, EMCV, PPV). Results The methods could effectively inactivate lipid-enveloped and non lipid-enveloped viruses which could be used for virus inactivation/removal during human coagulation factor Ⅷ experiments, the residual amount of TNBP in production was less than one percent ten thousand(10 ppm), the residual Tween-80 concentration was less than one percent hundred thousand(100 ppm),which all met the safety standards. Conclusion and no significant change was observed in the activation and other indicators of human coagulation factor Ⅷ.
2014, 32(3): 203-205.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.010
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Objective To investigate the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii and antibiotics use density of all kinds of antibacterial drugs before and after special antibacterial drugs remediation, provide evidence for the follow-up intervention strategies. Methods The experimental results of detected 562 cases Acinetobacter baumannii and sensitivity test were analyzed in our hospital in 2011-2012, combined with using of every type of antibacterial drugs on different time period. Results The number of bacteria detected half year had no significant difference during 2011-2012. The antibiotics use density of beta-lactam、fluroquinoloncs and aminoglycosides declined 22.22(31.92%)、4.19(46.29%)、5.24(68.83%) respectively by special antibacterial drugs remediation. Beta-lactam resistance rates declined significantly to 25%~30%, fluroquinoloncs and aminoglycosides resistance rates also declined, from 50% of the critical point to 20%~30% in the second half of 2012. Conclusion Standardization of antibiotics use density of various antibacterial drugs could help reduce bacterial resistance.
Objective To investigate the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii and antibiotics use density of all kinds of antibacterial drugs before and after special antibacterial drugs remediation, provide evidence for the follow-up intervention strategies. Methods The experimental results of detected 562 cases Acinetobacter baumannii and sensitivity test were analyzed in our hospital in 2011-2012, combined with using of every type of antibacterial drugs on different time period. Results The number of bacteria detected half year had no significant difference during 2011-2012. The antibiotics use density of beta-lactam、fluroquinoloncs and aminoglycosides declined 22.22(31.92%)、4.19(46.29%)、5.24(68.83%) respectively by special antibacterial drugs remediation. Beta-lactam resistance rates declined significantly to 25%~30%, fluroquinoloncs and aminoglycosides resistance rates also declined, from 50% of the critical point to 20%~30% in the second half of 2012. Conclusion Standardization of antibiotics use density of various antibacterial drugs could help reduce bacterial resistance.
2014, 32(3): 206-208,230.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.011
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Objective To establish detection method of glinides adulterated illegally in hypoglycemic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Methods Adulterated chemicals and TCM matrixes were separated by TLC first. Then trace substances in TLC plate was tested by SERS method. By investigating SERS detection conditions of glinides chemicals in simulated positive samples, a detection method was established to detect illegal adulterant in hypoglycemic TCM. Results Better SERS spectra of glinides could be obtained by silver sol prepared with organic solvent DMF. Conclusion The detection method coupled with TLC and SERS in this paper was simple, fast and economical which could be used to detect glinides adulterated illegally in hypoglycemic Chinese patent medicine quickly.
Objective To establish detection method of glinides adulterated illegally in hypoglycemic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Methods Adulterated chemicals and TCM matrixes were separated by TLC first. Then trace substances in TLC plate was tested by SERS method. By investigating SERS detection conditions of glinides chemicals in simulated positive samples, a detection method was established to detect illegal adulterant in hypoglycemic TCM. Results Better SERS spectra of glinides could be obtained by silver sol prepared with organic solvent DMF. Conclusion The detection method coupled with TLC and SERS in this paper was simple, fast and economical which could be used to detect glinides adulterated illegally in hypoglycemic Chinese patent medicine quickly.
2014, 32(3): 209-211,219.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.012
Abstract:
Objective To build hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocyte and screen active components from Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) absorbed in blood against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Methods Cardiomyocytes were isolated and purified from hearts of neonatal Sprague Dawley rats(1~3 days old) and were used to build hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model. The components of SBP absorbed in blood were screened by methyl thiazolil tetracolium (MTT) colorimetic method. Results SBP showed significant protective effect against cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury atthe concentration of 50 μg/ml. Ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, bufalin and muscone of twenty components from SBP absorbed in blood also possessed significant protective effect against cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Conclusion SBP have the protective activity against cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, and ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, bufalin, muscone are the main active components of SBP. This experiment offered basis for further pharmacodynamics and mechanism study of SBP.
Objective To build hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocyte and screen active components from Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) absorbed in blood against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Methods Cardiomyocytes were isolated and purified from hearts of neonatal Sprague Dawley rats(1~3 days old) and were used to build hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model. The components of SBP absorbed in blood were screened by methyl thiazolil tetracolium (MTT) colorimetic method. Results SBP showed significant protective effect against cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury atthe concentration of 50 μg/ml. Ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, bufalin and muscone of twenty components from SBP absorbed in blood also possessed significant protective effect against cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Conclusion SBP have the protective activity against cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, and ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, bufalin, muscone are the main active components of SBP. This experiment offered basis for further pharmacodynamics and mechanism study of SBP.
2014, 32(3): 212-215,234.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.013
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the efficacy on antibacterial, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and immune regulation of Juhuang Qingre San. Methods Efficacy on antibacterial was evaluated by the method of doubling dilution,vivo antibacterial effect was observed by inoculating BABL/C mice with Streptococcus pneumonia,efficacy on antipyretic was investigated by using endotoxin fever model,analgesic function was assessed using mice hot plate and torsion analgesic method,effect of anti inflammatory was assessed with rat paw edema model and mice Peritoneal capillary permeability model, the role of regulating immune system was evaluated by mice carbon clearance test. Results Juhuang Qingre San can decrease the death rate of mice in antibacterial test in vitro or vivo,in low and mid dose group of Juhuang Qingre San, heating temperature of rabbits decreased significantly 2-3 h after administration (P<0.05), and high dosage group decreased significantly 2-4 h after administration (P<0.05),the mice pain threshold increased significantly (P<0.05) after the administration of 1.5, 2, 3 h in every group of Juhuang Qingre San was, and can significantly reduce the number of mice writhing after intraperitoneal injection (P<0.05),rat paw swelling rate decreased significantly 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h after administration in each dosage group of Juhuang Qingre San (P<0.05), peritoneal capillary permeability decreased in the acute inflammation model of mice (P<0.05), in carbon particle clearance test of immune regulation, K value of high and medium dose group of Juhuang Qingre San was increased, while the value of alpha increased as well(P<0.05). Conclusion The results suggested that Juhuang Qingre San has efficacy of antibacterial, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and immune enhancing.
Objective To investigate the efficacy on antibacterial, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and immune regulation of Juhuang Qingre San. Methods Efficacy on antibacterial was evaluated by the method of doubling dilution,vivo antibacterial effect was observed by inoculating BABL/C mice with Streptococcus pneumonia,efficacy on antipyretic was investigated by using endotoxin fever model,analgesic function was assessed using mice hot plate and torsion analgesic method,effect of anti inflammatory was assessed with rat paw edema model and mice Peritoneal capillary permeability model, the role of regulating immune system was evaluated by mice carbon clearance test. Results Juhuang Qingre San can decrease the death rate of mice in antibacterial test in vitro or vivo,in low and mid dose group of Juhuang Qingre San, heating temperature of rabbits decreased significantly 2-3 h after administration (P<0.05), and high dosage group decreased significantly 2-4 h after administration (P<0.05),the mice pain threshold increased significantly (P<0.05) after the administration of 1.5, 2, 3 h in every group of Juhuang Qingre San was, and can significantly reduce the number of mice writhing after intraperitoneal injection (P<0.05),rat paw swelling rate decreased significantly 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h after administration in each dosage group of Juhuang Qingre San (P<0.05), peritoneal capillary permeability decreased in the acute inflammation model of mice (P<0.05), in carbon particle clearance test of immune regulation, K value of high and medium dose group of Juhuang Qingre San was increased, while the value of alpha increased as well(P<0.05). Conclusion The results suggested that Juhuang Qingre San has efficacy of antibacterial, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and immune enhancing.
2014, 32(3): 216-219.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.014
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the vancomycin trough concentration in elderly patients with severe infection and provide references for clinical use of drugs effectively. Methods According to the Ccr of elderly patients(56 cases), who were≥65 years old, the patients were divided into two groups, one with Ccr≥50 ml/min, which named group A, the other with Ccr between 20 ml/min and 50 ml/min, which named group B. The use of vancomycin, vancomycin steady-state plasma trough concentration and the differences of renal function were analyzed before and after in both two groups. Results There were 31cases of patients in group A(25 cases of them use vancomycin 1 g,q 12 h;other 6 cases use 0.5 g,q 12 h), 25 cases of patients in group B(15 cases of them use vancomycin 1 g,q 12 h;other 10 cases use 0.5 g,q 12 h). The percentage that the trough concentration of the patients who use two different scheme of using drugs in group A was between 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L is 12%(3/25) and 66.67%(4/6).The percentage that the trough concentration of the patients who used two different scheme of using drugs in group B was between 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L is 20%(3/15) and 60%(6/10). The percentage that trough concentrationis more than 20 mg/L is 73.33 %(11/15) and 30%(3/10). The serum creatinine value of the 15 patients of all cases except for group B of which vancomycin dosage was 1 g, q 12 h had significantly risen after using the drug(P<0.05). The urea nitrogen had no obvious change (P>0.05). The serum creatinine value and urea nitrogen of other patients had no significant change after using the drug (P>0.05). Group B had kidney toxicities observed in 5 patients, the dosage of vancomycin was 1 g, q 12 h, valley concentration>30 mg/L. There was no kidney toxicities observed in group A. Conclusion The use of vancomycin in elderly patients must depend on their Ccr. If the Ccr was larger than 50 ml/min, the use of vancomycin should be 1 g,q 12 h, and the Ccr was between 20 ml/min and 50 ml/min, the use should be 0.5 g. In addition, blood trough concentration need to be paid more attention in elderly patients in order to regulate the regimens according to the individual differences.
Objective To investigate the vancomycin trough concentration in elderly patients with severe infection and provide references for clinical use of drugs effectively. Methods According to the Ccr of elderly patients(56 cases), who were≥65 years old, the patients were divided into two groups, one with Ccr≥50 ml/min, which named group A, the other with Ccr between 20 ml/min and 50 ml/min, which named group B. The use of vancomycin, vancomycin steady-state plasma trough concentration and the differences of renal function were analyzed before and after in both two groups. Results There were 31cases of patients in group A(25 cases of them use vancomycin 1 g,q 12 h;other 6 cases use 0.5 g,q 12 h), 25 cases of patients in group B(15 cases of them use vancomycin 1 g,q 12 h;other 10 cases use 0.5 g,q 12 h). The percentage that the trough concentration of the patients who use two different scheme of using drugs in group A was between 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L is 12%(3/25) and 66.67%(4/6).The percentage that the trough concentration of the patients who used two different scheme of using drugs in group B was between 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L is 20%(3/15) and 60%(6/10). The percentage that trough concentrationis more than 20 mg/L is 73.33 %(11/15) and 30%(3/10). The serum creatinine value of the 15 patients of all cases except for group B of which vancomycin dosage was 1 g, q 12 h had significantly risen after using the drug(P<0.05). The urea nitrogen had no obvious change (P>0.05). The serum creatinine value and urea nitrogen of other patients had no significant change after using the drug (P>0.05). Group B had kidney toxicities observed in 5 patients, the dosage of vancomycin was 1 g, q 12 h, valley concentration>30 mg/L. There was no kidney toxicities observed in group A. Conclusion The use of vancomycin in elderly patients must depend on their Ccr. If the Ccr was larger than 50 ml/min, the use of vancomycin should be 1 g,q 12 h, and the Ccr was between 20 ml/min and 50 ml/min, the use should be 0.5 g. In addition, blood trough concentration need to be paid more attention in elderly patients in order to regulate the regimens according to the individual differences.
2014, 32(3): 220-221,224.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.015
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effect of vitamin B on the treatment of senile vaginitis. Methods A total of 124 patients suffered senile vaginitis were included in the study, who were accepted the treatment of compound metronidazole suppositories and estriol cream. By simple randomization,the patients accepted the treatment of vitamin B were divided into the observe group and control group. The difference of the clinical efficacy, symptoms and signs and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups. Results ①There's no significant difference of total effective rate between the observed group(93.55%) and the control group(88.71%)(P>0.05).②After treatment, the increased secretion, vaginal itching, vaginal burning, vaginal wall congestion and secretions microscope cleanliness were significantly improved than that before the treatment in both of the groups(P<0.01). ③The recurrence rate in the observed group(24.24%) was significantly lower than the control group (60%). Conclusion Vitamin B could improve the symptoms and reduce relapse rate of senile vaginitis.
Objective To explore the effect of vitamin B on the treatment of senile vaginitis. Methods A total of 124 patients suffered senile vaginitis were included in the study, who were accepted the treatment of compound metronidazole suppositories and estriol cream. By simple randomization,the patients accepted the treatment of vitamin B were divided into the observe group and control group. The difference of the clinical efficacy, symptoms and signs and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups. Results ①There's no significant difference of total effective rate between the observed group(93.55%) and the control group(88.71%)(P>0.05).②After treatment, the increased secretion, vaginal itching, vaginal burning, vaginal wall congestion and secretions microscope cleanliness were significantly improved than that before the treatment in both of the groups(P<0.01). ③The recurrence rate in the observed group(24.24%) was significantly lower than the control group (60%). Conclusion Vitamin B could improve the symptoms and reduce relapse rate of senile vaginitis.
2014, 32(3): 222-224.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.016
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on antibiotics associated diarrhea(AAD)in infant pneumonia. Methods 302 hospitalized infant patients (1 month-3 years) with pneumonia but without gastroenteric disease were selected, and antibiotics were administrated intravenously at least 5 continuous days for each patient. Patients were all given antibiotics and randomly divided into three groups: control group with no Saccharomyces boulardii administration (group A, 60 cases);Saccharomyces boulardii were applied as addition on the occurrence of diarrhea (group B, 92 cases), and Saccharomyces boulardii and antibiotics were co-administrated (group C, 150 cases). Incidences of AAD in all groups were carefully examined and differences of therapeutic effect between groups were compared and analyzed. Results The incidence of AAD in Group C was significantly lower than that in other groups. In term of diarrhea severity, no significant difference was observed in all groups (P>0.05). However, duration of diarrhea showed significant different between groups (P<0.001): group A with the longest duration and group C with the shortest. The results indicated that the total efficiency of anti-diarrhea in group C was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).However, group B presented no significant difference compared with neither control group nor group C in term of therapeutic effect on diarrhea. Conclusion Administration of Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets could shorten the duration of diarrhea on the occurrence of AAD in infant pneumonia. According to our results, Saccharomyces boulardii was effective in both preventing the development of AAD and shortening duration of diarrhea, and therefore improved therapeutic effect on ADD.
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on antibiotics associated diarrhea(AAD)in infant pneumonia. Methods 302 hospitalized infant patients (1 month-3 years) with pneumonia but without gastroenteric disease were selected, and antibiotics were administrated intravenously at least 5 continuous days for each patient. Patients were all given antibiotics and randomly divided into three groups: control group with no Saccharomyces boulardii administration (group A, 60 cases);Saccharomyces boulardii were applied as addition on the occurrence of diarrhea (group B, 92 cases), and Saccharomyces boulardii and antibiotics were co-administrated (group C, 150 cases). Incidences of AAD in all groups were carefully examined and differences of therapeutic effect between groups were compared and analyzed. Results The incidence of AAD in Group C was significantly lower than that in other groups. In term of diarrhea severity, no significant difference was observed in all groups (P>0.05). However, duration of diarrhea showed significant different between groups (P<0.001): group A with the longest duration and group C with the shortest. The results indicated that the total efficiency of anti-diarrhea in group C was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).However, group B presented no significant difference compared with neither control group nor group C in term of therapeutic effect on diarrhea. Conclusion Administration of Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets could shorten the duration of diarrhea on the occurrence of AAD in infant pneumonia. According to our results, Saccharomyces boulardii was effective in both preventing the development of AAD and shortening duration of diarrhea, and therefore improved therapeutic effect on ADD.
2014, 32(3): 225-227.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.017
Abstract:
To compare the concepts of pharmaceutical care and health management, analyze their internal connections both in present background and implementation process.Further development and practice of pharmaceutical care under the new health management model were discussed.
To compare the concepts of pharmaceutical care and health management, analyze their internal connections both in present background and implementation process.Further development and practice of pharmaceutical care under the new health management model were discussed.
2014, 32(3): 228-230.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.018
Abstract:
Objective To improve the function of outpatient intravenous admixture services, provide patients better medical services. Methods According to the characteristic of outpatient, the rationality of the operation of outpatient intravenous admixture services was analyzed, combining with the actual situation of our hospital. Results Outpatient intravenous admixture services efficiently promoted safe and rational medication, but it had some deficiencies. Conclusion Outpatient intravenous admixture services played a significant role in improving quality of health care. It should be essential to improve and develop the advantages.
Objective To improve the function of outpatient intravenous admixture services, provide patients better medical services. Methods According to the characteristic of outpatient, the rationality of the operation of outpatient intravenous admixture services was analyzed, combining with the actual situation of our hospital. Results Outpatient intravenous admixture services efficiently promoted safe and rational medication, but it had some deficiencies. Conclusion Outpatient intravenous admixture services played a significant role in improving quality of health care. It should be essential to improve and develop the advantages.
2014, 32(3): 231-234.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.019
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the clinical application of human serum albumin for inpatients and provide evidence to its rational administration in our hospital. Methods 172 cases were randomly selected from the inpatients that treated with human serum albumin during the period from January to December 2010 by Mei-Kang clinical pharmacy workstation. To get the relating clinical application information from the choosing cases which were retrospectively analyzed. A comprehensive analysis was performed on age, sex, clinical departments, diagnosis, course of treatment, reasons of use, albumin concentration before using drugs etc. Results Most dosages of human serum albumin were used in the liver and gall surgery (26.1%), mainly for critical patients and cancer, Common individual consumption quantity ranged from 10 to 20 g. Most of patients adopted this drug for hypoproteinemia (38.9%), and most of them had a baseline serum albumin level at 10~30 g/L before using human serum albumin. Conclusion The application of human albumin in our hospital was far from perfect. The principle of effective, safe, economical and rational use of drugs should be adhere to reach the best efficacy application of human albumin.
Objective To evaluate the clinical application of human serum albumin for inpatients and provide evidence to its rational administration in our hospital. Methods 172 cases were randomly selected from the inpatients that treated with human serum albumin during the period from January to December 2010 by Mei-Kang clinical pharmacy workstation. To get the relating clinical application information from the choosing cases which were retrospectively analyzed. A comprehensive analysis was performed on age, sex, clinical departments, diagnosis, course of treatment, reasons of use, albumin concentration before using drugs etc. Results Most dosages of human serum albumin were used in the liver and gall surgery (26.1%), mainly for critical patients and cancer, Common individual consumption quantity ranged from 10 to 20 g. Most of patients adopted this drug for hypoproteinemia (38.9%), and most of them had a baseline serum albumin level at 10~30 g/L before using human serum albumin. Conclusion The application of human albumin in our hospital was far from perfect. The principle of effective, safe, economical and rational use of drugs should be adhere to reach the best efficacy application of human albumin.
2014, 32(3): 235-237.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.020
Abstract:
Small package of Chinese material medicine pieces has been gradually extended in major hospitals in Shanghai. It is a major reform occurred in the history of TCM deployment, which has important significance to improve recipe speed, dose accuracy and recipe environment. However, the implementation of this reform has also brought some new problems, such as pieces identification, doctor's prescription, pieces' custody and the environmental impact of packaging materials. In this paper, the current status and future development of Chinese herbal small package in Shanghai were discussed.
Small package of Chinese material medicine pieces has been gradually extended in major hospitals in Shanghai. It is a major reform occurred in the history of TCM deployment, which has important significance to improve recipe speed, dose accuracy and recipe environment. However, the implementation of this reform has also brought some new problems, such as pieces identification, doctor's prescription, pieces' custody and the environmental impact of packaging materials. In this paper, the current status and future development of Chinese herbal small package in Shanghai were discussed.
2014, 32(3): 238-240.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2014.03.021
Abstract:
Objective To discuss the importance of data coding standards for the application of information technology, and put forward a method to solve the identification of complex medical materials in database structure design. Methods utilization of standardized coding, establishment of coding rules and a series of basic data dictionary, improvement of property fields and association dictionaries were used to regulate the generation, collection and processing of information, and to establish data standards for military medicine warehouse management information system. Results The design and implementation of data standards could be applicable for a variety of databases. Conclusion The establishment of standards and regulations of the data were critical to system design, development, implementation and even the successful operation, especially in management information systems, which had complex management form including property management, administration, and packaging assembly management.
Objective To discuss the importance of data coding standards for the application of information technology, and put forward a method to solve the identification of complex medical materials in database structure design. Methods utilization of standardized coding, establishment of coding rules and a series of basic data dictionary, improvement of property fields and association dictionaries were used to regulate the generation, collection and processing of information, and to establish data standards for military medicine warehouse management information system. Results The design and implementation of data standards could be applicable for a variety of databases. Conclusion The establishment of standards and regulations of the data were critical to system design, development, implementation and even the successful operation, especially in management information systems, which had complex management form including property management, administration, and packaging assembly management.
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