2019 Vol. 37, No. 3
Display Method:
2019, 37(3): 193-200,253.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.001
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More and more attentions had been paid to the chemical constituents of epiphytic fungi in coral.By the end of 2014,95 species of epiphytic fungi,involving 44 genera,were isolated from 38 coral species.More than 200 compounds were isolated from them.These compounds exhibited anti-tumor,anti-fungal,anti-inflammatory and anti-fouling biological activities.In recent years,the number of new compounds from coral epiphytic fungi had been increasing year by year,and nearly 100 compounds had been found in recent four years.These structures showed different biological activities.The progress on secondary metabolites of coral symbiotic epiphytic fungi in recent four years was reviewed from the aspects of chemical structure and biological activity,which could provide reference for further study.
More and more attentions had been paid to the chemical constituents of epiphytic fungi in coral.By the end of 2014,95 species of epiphytic fungi,involving 44 genera,were isolated from 38 coral species.More than 200 compounds were isolated from them.These compounds exhibited anti-tumor,anti-fungal,anti-inflammatory and anti-fouling biological activities.In recent years,the number of new compounds from coral epiphytic fungi had been increasing year by year,and nearly 100 compounds had been found in recent four years.These structures showed different biological activities.The progress on secondary metabolites of coral symbiotic epiphytic fungi in recent four years was reviewed from the aspects of chemical structure and biological activity,which could provide reference for further study.
2019, 37(3): 201-205.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.002
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Virus infection threatens human health.At present,the existing antiviral drugs have several problems including drug resistance and side effects.Thus,the study of new antiviral drugs has still become an urgent need in clinical practice.In this paper,some clinical commonly used and new antiviral drugs such as DNA polymerase inhibitor,reverse transcriptase inhibitor,protease inhibitor,integrase inhibitor,neuraminidase inhibitor,broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs and so on,were classified according to the different characteristics of antiviral drugs.This review also briefly introduced the application of antiviral drugs in military field.
Virus infection threatens human health.At present,the existing antiviral drugs have several problems including drug resistance and side effects.Thus,the study of new antiviral drugs has still become an urgent need in clinical practice.In this paper,some clinical commonly used and new antiviral drugs such as DNA polymerase inhibitor,reverse transcriptase inhibitor,protease inhibitor,integrase inhibitor,neuraminidase inhibitor,broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs and so on,were classified according to the different characteristics of antiviral drugs.This review also briefly introduced the application of antiviral drugs in military field.
2019, 37(3): 206-211,278.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.003
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Dihydroartemisinin(DHA),an important artemisinin derivative,is one of new anti-malarial medicines developed by Chinese scientists.In recent years,it was reported that DHA is a promising anti-cancer medicine besides its extraordinary antimalarial activities.This article overviews the mechanisms,targets and signaling pathways of DHA based on the recent studies published in English and Chinese literatures.Specifically,this article covers some important topics,such as apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum stress,the growth,proliferation and invasion of cancer cells,multidrug resistance and oxidative damage,in order to provide a better understanding to the anti-cancer effects of DHA and information for new drug development and design.
Dihydroartemisinin(DHA),an important artemisinin derivative,is one of new anti-malarial medicines developed by Chinese scientists.In recent years,it was reported that DHA is a promising anti-cancer medicine besides its extraordinary antimalarial activities.This article overviews the mechanisms,targets and signaling pathways of DHA based on the recent studies published in English and Chinese literatures.Specifically,this article covers some important topics,such as apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum stress,the growth,proliferation and invasion of cancer cells,multidrug resistance and oxidative damage,in order to provide a better understanding to the anti-cancer effects of DHA and information for new drug development and design.
2019, 37(3): 212-215,221.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.004
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Micro gels are functional polymer with intramolecular crosslinked network structure and particle size between 0.1 and 100 μm.Micro gels have the characteristics of small particle size,high drug loading,and good environmental responsiveness and biocompatibility,which has unique advantages in the application of drug controlled release systems.A brief introduction in characteristics,preparation methods,preparation materials and applications of micro gels in drug controlled release systems was given in this review.
Micro gels are functional polymer with intramolecular crosslinked network structure and particle size between 0.1 and 100 μm.Micro gels have the characteristics of small particle size,high drug loading,and good environmental responsiveness and biocompatibility,which has unique advantages in the application of drug controlled release systems.A brief introduction in characteristics,preparation methods,preparation materials and applications of micro gels in drug controlled release systems was given in this review.
2019, 37(3): 216-221.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.005
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Objective To investigate effects of different dosages of fungal biofertilizer from Trichoderma atroviride D16 on the growth and secondary metabolism of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods S.miltiorrhiza and fungal biofertilizer from T.atroviride D16 were served as test materials.Effects of different D16 dosages on biomass and active compounds accumulation were studied. Results Different D16 fertilizer dosages significantly influenced the growth and secondary metabolism of S.miltiorrhiza.15 g D16 exhibited the best results.The dry weights of S.miltiorrhiza. harvested from potted and field were 5.61 and 1.42 times of the weights from corresponding control groups.The maximum level of active compounds were increased 27.91 times compared with the corresponding control in the potted and 1.89 times in the field. Conclusion 15 g D16 fungal biofertilizer enhanced the growth and secondary metabolism of S.miltiorrhiza significantly. This study offered an exploratory evidence for the quality and productivity improvement of traditional Chinese medicine with endophytic fungi.
Objective To investigate effects of different dosages of fungal biofertilizer from Trichoderma atroviride D16 on the growth and secondary metabolism of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods S.miltiorrhiza and fungal biofertilizer from T.atroviride D16 were served as test materials.Effects of different D16 dosages on biomass and active compounds accumulation were studied. Results Different D16 fertilizer dosages significantly influenced the growth and secondary metabolism of S.miltiorrhiza.15 g D16 exhibited the best results.The dry weights of S.miltiorrhiza. harvested from potted and field were 5.61 and 1.42 times of the weights from corresponding control groups.The maximum level of active compounds were increased 27.91 times compared with the corresponding control in the potted and 1.89 times in the field. Conclusion 15 g D16 fungal biofertilizer enhanced the growth and secondary metabolism of S.miltiorrhiza significantly. This study offered an exploratory evidence for the quality and productivity improvement of traditional Chinese medicine with endophytic fungi.
2019, 37(3): 222-225.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.006
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Objective To optimize the formulation of polyvinyl alcohol-propranolol hydrochloride porous hydrogel by central composite design-response surface method. Methods The amount of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan were taken as the investigation factors,the percutaneous cumulative permeation amount in vitro was used as the evaluation index,and the relationship between the investigation index and the investigation factor were described by the multivariate linear model and the nonlinear model.The optimal formulation was determined by plotting the effect surface and the contour map according to the model. Results The quadratic polynomial fitting in the nonlinear model had a higher complex correlation coefficient,r=0.970 2.The porous hydrogel's 12 h cumulative permeation deviation between the predicted value and the theoretical value was 4.32% which was prepared by optimal formulation,and the model had good predictability. Conclusion The central composite design-response surface method was used to optimize the polyvinyl alcohol-propranolol hydrogel formulation,which could realize the simultaneous optimization of multiple indicators.The established model had good predictability and could be used for formulation optimization.
Objective To optimize the formulation of polyvinyl alcohol-propranolol hydrochloride porous hydrogel by central composite design-response surface method. Methods The amount of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan were taken as the investigation factors,the percutaneous cumulative permeation amount in vitro was used as the evaluation index,and the relationship between the investigation index and the investigation factor were described by the multivariate linear model and the nonlinear model.The optimal formulation was determined by plotting the effect surface and the contour map according to the model. Results The quadratic polynomial fitting in the nonlinear model had a higher complex correlation coefficient,r=0.970 2.The porous hydrogel's 12 h cumulative permeation deviation between the predicted value and the theoretical value was 4.32% which was prepared by optimal formulation,and the model had good predictability. Conclusion The central composite design-response surface method was used to optimize the polyvinyl alcohol-propranolol hydrogel formulation,which could realize the simultaneous optimization of multiple indicators.The established model had good predictability and could be used for formulation optimization.
2019, 37(3): 226-230.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.007
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Objective To explore the possible mechanism of total flavonoids from Armeniaca mume(TFAM) through observing its effects on neuroendocrine and oxidative stress of rats with depression induced by chronic mild stress. Methods The SD rats were randomly divided into normal saline group,model group,positive control group (fluoxetine,20 mg/kg),low-dose treatment group (TD-TFAM,80 mg/kg),middle-dose treatment group (TZ-TFAM,160 mg/kg) and high-dose treatment group (TG-TFAM,240 mg/kg),total 6 groups.Except the normal saline group,the rats in all other groups were given chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 d to build the depression models,and then were randomly assigned.The antidepressant effects were evaluated by index such as growth in weight,sucrose preference and open-field test.Its effects on neuroendocrine were evaluated by contents of noradrenaline (NA),5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also,the enzymes activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum and striatum were measured to estimate its influences on oxidative stress. Results TFAM significantly increased the weight growth of CUMS rats,promoted the percentage of sugar water preference,reversed open-field test score,increased the contents of 5-HT and NA but reduced the contents of ACTH and CORT in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats,while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum and striatum were up-regulated. Conclusion The anti-depressant mechanism of TFAM might be related to promoting the secretion of monoamines,regulating the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and removing free radicals in rats.
Objective To explore the possible mechanism of total flavonoids from Armeniaca mume(TFAM) through observing its effects on neuroendocrine and oxidative stress of rats with depression induced by chronic mild stress. Methods The SD rats were randomly divided into normal saline group,model group,positive control group (fluoxetine,20 mg/kg),low-dose treatment group (TD-TFAM,80 mg/kg),middle-dose treatment group (TZ-TFAM,160 mg/kg) and high-dose treatment group (TG-TFAM,240 mg/kg),total 6 groups.Except the normal saline group,the rats in all other groups were given chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 d to build the depression models,and then were randomly assigned.The antidepressant effects were evaluated by index such as growth in weight,sucrose preference and open-field test.Its effects on neuroendocrine were evaluated by contents of noradrenaline (NA),5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also,the enzymes activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum and striatum were measured to estimate its influences on oxidative stress. Results TFAM significantly increased the weight growth of CUMS rats,promoted the percentage of sugar water preference,reversed open-field test score,increased the contents of 5-HT and NA but reduced the contents of ACTH and CORT in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats,while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum and striatum were up-regulated. Conclusion The anti-depressant mechanism of TFAM might be related to promoting the secretion of monoamines,regulating the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and removing free radicals in rats.
2019, 37(3): 231-236.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.008
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Objective To investigate the anti-oxidative effects of the Schisandra chinensis extract in skin cells and develop the application as skin anti-oxidant. Methods The ethanol extraction process of Schisandra chinensis was optimized with hot water pre-treatment and steam distillation to improve the color and odor of the extract.The tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced cell oxidative injured model in HaCaT keratinocytes was used as a cellular model to study the protective effects of the extract.The cell viability was assayed with CCK-8 kit.Cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry by AnnexinV-FITC and PI staining.The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by 2,7-dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Results The Schisandra extract prepared by optimized extraction technology exhibited significant improvements in color and odor.The HaCaT cells pretreated with Schisandra extract effectively reduced the cell apoptosis induced by tBHP.The extract increased the survival rate of HaCaT cells and decreased intracellular ROS level. Conclusion The extract with optimized technology improved the color and odor.Its antioxidant activity was still maintained.It could be developed into a novel skin protectant against oxidative damage.
Objective To investigate the anti-oxidative effects of the Schisandra chinensis extract in skin cells and develop the application as skin anti-oxidant. Methods The ethanol extraction process of Schisandra chinensis was optimized with hot water pre-treatment and steam distillation to improve the color and odor of the extract.The tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced cell oxidative injured model in HaCaT keratinocytes was used as a cellular model to study the protective effects of the extract.The cell viability was assayed with CCK-8 kit.Cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry by AnnexinV-FITC and PI staining.The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by 2,7-dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Results The Schisandra extract prepared by optimized extraction technology exhibited significant improvements in color and odor.The HaCaT cells pretreated with Schisandra extract effectively reduced the cell apoptosis induced by tBHP.The extract increased the survival rate of HaCaT cells and decreased intracellular ROS level. Conclusion The extract with optimized technology improved the color and odor.Its antioxidant activity was still maintained.It could be developed into a novel skin protectant against oxidative damage.
2019, 37(3): 237-240.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.009
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Objective To study the role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(Nampt)gene in the growth of human embryonic stem cells. Methods CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used for Nampt gene knockout in human embryonic stem cells by introducing frame-shift mutation to gene coding region.Then,the mutational cells were screened with gene sequencing and observed for the growth situation under the microscope.In addition,Nampt inhibitor FK866 was introduced at different concentrations to interfere the growth of human embryonic stem cells,followed by the cell viability test with CCK-8 kit. Results Human embryonic stem cells gradually died after the mutation of Nampt gene with CRISPR/Cas9 technology.Likewise,Nampt inhibitor FK866 significantly inhibited the cell viability and gradually led to the death of cells. Conclusion Nampt gene plays an indispensable role in maintaining the growth of human embryonic stem cells.
Objective To study the role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(Nampt)gene in the growth of human embryonic stem cells. Methods CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used for Nampt gene knockout in human embryonic stem cells by introducing frame-shift mutation to gene coding region.Then,the mutational cells were screened with gene sequencing and observed for the growth situation under the microscope.In addition,Nampt inhibitor FK866 was introduced at different concentrations to interfere the growth of human embryonic stem cells,followed by the cell viability test with CCK-8 kit. Results Human embryonic stem cells gradually died after the mutation of Nampt gene with CRISPR/Cas9 technology.Likewise,Nampt inhibitor FK866 significantly inhibited the cell viability and gradually led to the death of cells. Conclusion Nampt gene plays an indispensable role in maintaining the growth of human embryonic stem cells.
2019, 37(3): 241-245.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.010
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Objective To study the therapeutic effects of matrine derivative M19 on type Ⅱcollagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups:blank group,model group,indomethacin treatment group,M19 low,medium and high dose groups (2.5,5,10 mg/kg).The paw swelling,arthritis index (AI) and body weight were measured for CIA rats.The histopathological changes of joints and synovial tissue were observed by HE staining.The bone destruction was observed with micro-CT. Results Matrine derivative M19 reduced the paw swelling,increased body weight,inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration,ameliorated synovial tissue and bone destruction in CIA rats. Conclusion Matrine derivative M19 has the certain therapeutic effects on CIA.
Objective To study the therapeutic effects of matrine derivative M19 on type Ⅱcollagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups:blank group,model group,indomethacin treatment group,M19 low,medium and high dose groups (2.5,5,10 mg/kg).The paw swelling,arthritis index (AI) and body weight were measured for CIA rats.The histopathological changes of joints and synovial tissue were observed by HE staining.The bone destruction was observed with micro-CT. Results Matrine derivative M19 reduced the paw swelling,increased body weight,inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration,ameliorated synovial tissue and bone destruction in CIA rats. Conclusion Matrine derivative M19 has the certain therapeutic effects on CIA.
2019, 37(3): 246-248,259.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.011
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Objective To prepare cabazitaxel albumin nanoparticles(CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP) to reduce drug toxicity,and to evaluate its biocompatibility in vitro. Methods CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP was prepared by biomineralization method.The formulation process was optimized,and the properties such as particle size,Zeta potential and drug loading were characterized.The in vitro hemolysis characteristics were investigated. Results The encapsulation rate of the prepared nanoparticles was 63.04%,the drug loading was about 10.51%.The particle size was (166.1±4.7) nm with the PDI 0.256.The Zeta potential was (-18.14±1.16)mV.The hemolysis effect of CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP in vitro was significantly lower than that of cabazitaxel-Tween solution. Conclusion The preparation method of CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP in this study is simple,with high drug loading,uniform particle size and good blood compatibility in vitro,which will increase the safety for clinical use of the drug.
Objective To prepare cabazitaxel albumin nanoparticles(CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP) to reduce drug toxicity,and to evaluate its biocompatibility in vitro. Methods CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP was prepared by biomineralization method.The formulation process was optimized,and the properties such as particle size,Zeta potential and drug loading were characterized.The in vitro hemolysis characteristics were investigated. Results The encapsulation rate of the prepared nanoparticles was 63.04%,the drug loading was about 10.51%.The particle size was (166.1±4.7) nm with the PDI 0.256.The Zeta potential was (-18.14±1.16)mV.The hemolysis effect of CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP in vitro was significantly lower than that of cabazitaxel-Tween solution. Conclusion The preparation method of CBZ-BSA-Gd-NP in this study is simple,with high drug loading,uniform particle size and good blood compatibility in vitro,which will increase the safety for clinical use of the drug.
2019, 37(3): 249-253.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.012
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Objective To optimized the ethanol extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. Methods L9(34) orthogonal experiment was adopted with the change of the contents of oleanolic acid,specnuezhenide and extraction yield.The best ethanol extraction process was optimized by concentration of ethanol,the amount of ethanol,extraction time and extraction times.The effects of the extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait such as crushing degrees and different solvents were inspected in this experiment-.The extraction process was selected from the extraction which was filtered hot and concentrated or filtered and concentrated after standing for 24 h. Results The best extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait was extracted in 10 times 70% ethanol solution for 3 times and heated for 1 hour per time,and then the extraction was filtered hot and concentrated. Conclusion The extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait was reasonable which was more suitable for production.
Objective To optimized the ethanol extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. Methods L9(34) orthogonal experiment was adopted with the change of the contents of oleanolic acid,specnuezhenide and extraction yield.The best ethanol extraction process was optimized by concentration of ethanol,the amount of ethanol,extraction time and extraction times.The effects of the extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait such as crushing degrees and different solvents were inspected in this experiment-.The extraction process was selected from the extraction which was filtered hot and concentrated or filtered and concentrated after standing for 24 h. Results The best extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait was extracted in 10 times 70% ethanol solution for 3 times and heated for 1 hour per time,and then the extraction was filtered hot and concentrated. Conclusion The extraction process of Ligustrum lucidum Ait was reasonable which was more suitable for production.
2019, 37(3): 254-259.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.013
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Objective To determine the water absorption coefficient of each individual whole grass Chinese herbal medicine pieces at room temperature,and to guide the water addition in the decoction process of Chinese herbal by the decocting machine. Methods Through the study of the water absorption coefficient of 107 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine pieces,the simulated prescriptions were decocted according to the recommended formula provided by the decocting machine manufacturer or according to and the water absorption coefficient.The amount of liquid obtained by the two methods was compared with the amount of liquid required. Results The water absorption coefficients of the whole grass Chinese herbal medicine pieces,with different characteristic textures,were quite different.The amount of liquid obtained according to the manufacturer's recommended formula was quite different from the amount of liquid required.Plus,there was no specific rules to follow.However,the error between the amount of liquid obtained according to the water absorption coefficient and the amount of liquid required was small and there was a regular pattern to follow. Conclusion The experimental determination of the water absorption coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces could guide the amount of water added to the decoction machine.
Objective To determine the water absorption coefficient of each individual whole grass Chinese herbal medicine pieces at room temperature,and to guide the water addition in the decoction process of Chinese herbal by the decocting machine. Methods Through the study of the water absorption coefficient of 107 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine pieces,the simulated prescriptions were decocted according to the recommended formula provided by the decocting machine manufacturer or according to and the water absorption coefficient.The amount of liquid obtained by the two methods was compared with the amount of liquid required. Results The water absorption coefficients of the whole grass Chinese herbal medicine pieces,with different characteristic textures,were quite different.The amount of liquid obtained according to the manufacturer's recommended formula was quite different from the amount of liquid required.Plus,there was no specific rules to follow.However,the error between the amount of liquid obtained according to the water absorption coefficient and the amount of liquid required was small and there was a regular pattern to follow. Conclusion The experimental determination of the water absorption coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces could guide the amount of water added to the decoction machine.
2019, 37(3): 260-265.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.014
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Objective To provide advice to further promote the rational use of drugs in children. Methods Bibliometric and visualization methods were used through data mining,information extraction,keyword co-occurrence analysis and other techniques to analyze the relevant literature on the rational use of drugs in China from 2013 to 2017 including the three databases of China National Knowledge Internet,Wanfang and Weipu Analyze. Results A total of 14 948 articles were retrieved from the three databases.From the perspective of journal distribution,the literature distribution was quite extensive,indicating that children's rational drug use had received wide attention from all walks of life.From the distribution of authors,the literature mainly came from children's hospitals,maternal and child health centers and comprehensive hospitals,especially affiliated hospitals of universities,which were the main force for the rational use of drugs in children in China.The high-frequency keywords used in the study indicate that the research hotspots of rational use of drugs in China were antibiotics,glucocorticoids,and super-indicative drugs. Conclusion The total amount of literature was very large,but most of them were comparative studies before and after single-factor children's drug intervention in a single hospital.There were few studies on rational drug use in multi-region,multi-level and large-scale samples.The lack of systematic research,the breadth and depth of research was not enough.
Objective To provide advice to further promote the rational use of drugs in children. Methods Bibliometric and visualization methods were used through data mining,information extraction,keyword co-occurrence analysis and other techniques to analyze the relevant literature on the rational use of drugs in China from 2013 to 2017 including the three databases of China National Knowledge Internet,Wanfang and Weipu Analyze. Results A total of 14 948 articles were retrieved from the three databases.From the perspective of journal distribution,the literature distribution was quite extensive,indicating that children's rational drug use had received wide attention from all walks of life.From the distribution of authors,the literature mainly came from children's hospitals,maternal and child health centers and comprehensive hospitals,especially affiliated hospitals of universities,which were the main force for the rational use of drugs in children in China.The high-frequency keywords used in the study indicate that the research hotspots of rational use of drugs in China were antibiotics,glucocorticoids,and super-indicative drugs. Conclusion The total amount of literature was very large,but most of them were comparative studies before and after single-factor children's drug intervention in a single hospital.There were few studies on rational drug use in multi-region,multi-level and large-scale samples.The lack of systematic research,the breadth and depth of research was not enough.
2019, 37(3): 266-267.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.015
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Objective To screen the samples of stronger antagonism to anti-endotoxin in vitro from Ampelopsis radix through a preliminary comparative analysis on before and after processing of Ampelopsis radix. Methods The principle of agglutination produced by the limulus reagent and endotoxin was used.Different concentration samples were used to destroy the agglutination reaction so as to initially screen for the effect of in vitro anti-endotoxin. Results The processing products of Ampelopsis radix still had in vitro anti-endotoxin activity at the 1:2 000 concentration. Conclusion Ampelopsis radix after processing had stronger in vitro anti-endotoxin effect.
Objective To screen the samples of stronger antagonism to anti-endotoxin in vitro from Ampelopsis radix through a preliminary comparative analysis on before and after processing of Ampelopsis radix. Methods The principle of agglutination produced by the limulus reagent and endotoxin was used.Different concentration samples were used to destroy the agglutination reaction so as to initially screen for the effect of in vitro anti-endotoxin. Results The processing products of Ampelopsis radix still had in vitro anti-endotoxin activity at the 1:2 000 concentration. Conclusion Ampelopsis radix after processing had stronger in vitro anti-endotoxin effect.
2019, 37(3): 268-273.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.016
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Objective To explore the effect of clostridium butyricum enterococcus triple viable tablet on the efficacy and adverse reactions of gemcitabine plus platinum(GP) regimen for the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods The records of 78 NSCLC patients who treated with GP regimen as first-line palliative chemotherapy were reviewed,and the related data were recorded.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 25.0. Results Compared with the control group,the probiotic preparation group showed a significant difference in disease control rate and progression-free survival (P value are 0.048 and 0.012 respectively),while there were no significant differences in objective response rate and the risk of adverse reaction events(P>0.05). Conclusion The clostridium butyricum enterococcus triple viable tablet might improve the efficacy of GP regimen as a first-line palliative chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC patients.
Objective To explore the effect of clostridium butyricum enterococcus triple viable tablet on the efficacy and adverse reactions of gemcitabine plus platinum(GP) regimen for the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods The records of 78 NSCLC patients who treated with GP regimen as first-line palliative chemotherapy were reviewed,and the related data were recorded.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 25.0. Results Compared with the control group,the probiotic preparation group showed a significant difference in disease control rate and progression-free survival (P value are 0.048 and 0.012 respectively),while there were no significant differences in objective response rate and the risk of adverse reaction events(P>0.05). Conclusion The clostridium butyricum enterococcus triple viable tablet might improve the efficacy of GP regimen as a first-line palliative chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC patients.
2019, 37(3): 274-278.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.017
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Objective To investigate the causes of acute kidney injury in patients with augmented renal clearance during individualized application of vancomycin. Methods Three cases of acute kidney injury caused by vancomycin in our hospital were taken pharmaceutical care.The reasons for the inaccuracy of using population pharmacokinetic software to predict the trough concentration of vancomycin were analyzed,and the causes of acute kidney injury caused by vancomycin were found. Results After ascertaining the causes of the adverse reactions of the patients,targeted treatment was carried out,and all of them were well controlled and turned over. Conclusion The main causes of vancomycin-associated renal damage in patients with augmented renal clearance were combined the use of nephrotoxic drugs and renal perfusion insufficiency.It is necessary to strengthen drug monitoring in clinical medication to improve the safety of vancomycin.
Objective To investigate the causes of acute kidney injury in patients with augmented renal clearance during individualized application of vancomycin. Methods Three cases of acute kidney injury caused by vancomycin in our hospital were taken pharmaceutical care.The reasons for the inaccuracy of using population pharmacokinetic software to predict the trough concentration of vancomycin were analyzed,and the causes of acute kidney injury caused by vancomycin were found. Results After ascertaining the causes of the adverse reactions of the patients,targeted treatment was carried out,and all of them were well controlled and turned over. Conclusion The main causes of vancomycin-associated renal damage in patients with augmented renal clearance were combined the use of nephrotoxic drugs and renal perfusion insufficiency.It is necessary to strengthen drug monitoring in clinical medication to improve the safety of vancomycin.
2019, 37(3): 279-282.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.018
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Objective To explore the key points of pharmaceutical care in patients with thrombocytopenia (HIT) induced by low molecular weight heparin,and to provide reference for clinical pharmacists to participate in the clinical treatment of such patients. Methods Pharmaceutical care was carried out by clinical pharmacists for a patient diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism who developed progressive thrombocytopenia in the treatment of low molecular weight heparin.To assist clinicians to develop treatment options,literatures published in domestic and international were reviewed and the ADRs relevance of this example were evaluated. Results Pharmaceutical care was applied to the acute pulmonary embolism patient and his platelet count returned to normal eventually. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should give full play to the expertise of pharmacy specialty,actively participate in the treatment and monitoring of clinical HIT patients,and improve the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
Objective To explore the key points of pharmaceutical care in patients with thrombocytopenia (HIT) induced by low molecular weight heparin,and to provide reference for clinical pharmacists to participate in the clinical treatment of such patients. Methods Pharmaceutical care was carried out by clinical pharmacists for a patient diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism who developed progressive thrombocytopenia in the treatment of low molecular weight heparin.To assist clinicians to develop treatment options,literatures published in domestic and international were reviewed and the ADRs relevance of this example were evaluated. Results Pharmaceutical care was applied to the acute pulmonary embolism patient and his platelet count returned to normal eventually. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should give full play to the expertise of pharmacy specialty,actively participate in the treatment and monitoring of clinical HIT patients,and improve the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
2019, 37(3): 283-288.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.03.019
Abstract:
Objective To provide reference for clinical pharmacists to promote rational medication use in elderly patients by analyzing the current situation of elderly patients with multiple medication use in nursing institution. Methods A total of 258 elderly patients with multiple medication use were randomly selected from a nursing institution in Shanghai.Based on Criteria of potentially inappropriate medications for older adults in China,the situation of potential inappropriate medication use (PIM) were analyzed and summarized. Results The average age of subjects was (82.57±5.56) years old,and the average number of medication use was (6.98±1.96).A total of 160 (62.0%) patients were detected with PIM.Among them,206 were potential inappropriate medications related to medications and 91 were potential inappropriate medications related to disease status. Conclusion Potential inappropriate use of medication was serious in elderly patients with multiple medication use in nursing institution.Clinical pharmacists should rely on multidisciplinary evaluation teams to intervene in medication treatment,which would play an important role in discover and eliminate PIM as well as optimize of medication use.
Objective To provide reference for clinical pharmacists to promote rational medication use in elderly patients by analyzing the current situation of elderly patients with multiple medication use in nursing institution. Methods A total of 258 elderly patients with multiple medication use were randomly selected from a nursing institution in Shanghai.Based on Criteria of potentially inappropriate medications for older adults in China,the situation of potential inappropriate medication use (PIM) were analyzed and summarized. Results The average age of subjects was (82.57±5.56) years old,and the average number of medication use was (6.98±1.96).A total of 160 (62.0%) patients were detected with PIM.Among them,206 were potential inappropriate medications related to medications and 91 were potential inappropriate medications related to disease status. Conclusion Potential inappropriate use of medication was serious in elderly patients with multiple medication use in nursing institution.Clinical pharmacists should rely on multidisciplinary evaluation teams to intervene in medication treatment,which would play an important role in discover and eliminate PIM as well as optimize of medication use.
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