2019 Vol. 37, No. 4
Display Method:
2019, 37(4): 289-293.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.001
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Isoniazid(INH) is one of the most important drugs for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis,and is the first choice for the four major first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs.A series of studies have shown that isoniazid has hepatotoxicity,and the mechanism of liver injury remains unclear.The relationship between hepatotoxicity of isoniazid and its metabolites,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation were described in this paper.Mechanism of isoniazid on hepatotoxicity at the current stage was reviewed,and the research progress was summarized,which provided reference for further revealing the mechanism of hepatotoxicity of isoniazid.
Isoniazid(INH) is one of the most important drugs for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis,and is the first choice for the four major first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs.A series of studies have shown that isoniazid has hepatotoxicity,and the mechanism of liver injury remains unclear.The relationship between hepatotoxicity of isoniazid and its metabolites,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation were described in this paper.Mechanism of isoniazid on hepatotoxicity at the current stage was reviewed,and the research progress was summarized,which provided reference for further revealing the mechanism of hepatotoxicity of isoniazid.
2019, 37(4): 294-298.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.002
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Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of anhydrous ethanol extract of areca catechu linn against hypoxia in H9C2 cells. Methods Myocardial cell hypoxic mold was established by H9C2 cell line.The effect of areca catechu linn anhydrous ethanol extract on cells livability was studied by CCK-8.The intracellular content of MDA,activities of SOD and GSH were measured to determine the protective effect of the extract.The mRNA of Nrf-2 and caspase-3 were detected by real-time PCR to explore the protective mechanism. Results Compared to the normoxic control group,the cell survival rate in hypoxic group was 28.46% (P<0.01) after 24 hour hypoxia.The intracellular content of MDA increased 44.33% (P<0.05).The activities of SOD and GSH decreased by 16.18% and 30.64%,respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The result of RT-PCR showed the activation of Nrf2 with a 1.74 times increase of mRNA expression(P<0.05).Compared with hypoxic group,there was an dose-dependent increase of cell survival rate in H9C2 cells(P<0.01) when treated with areca catechu linn anhydrous ethanol extract during hypoxia.The intracellular activities of SOD and GSH also increased by 14.90% and 28.94%(P<0.05).The relative expression of Nrf2 mRNA decreased significantly by 66% (P<0.05). Conclusion The anhydrous alcohol extract of areca catechu linn has a significant protective effect on H9C2 cells against hypoxia.Its protective mechanism may relate to the improvement of intracellular antioxidant enzyme activity,the reduction of oxidative stress damage and the improvement of cell hypoxic tolerance.
Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of anhydrous ethanol extract of areca catechu linn against hypoxia in H9C2 cells. Methods Myocardial cell hypoxic mold was established by H9C2 cell line.The effect of areca catechu linn anhydrous ethanol extract on cells livability was studied by CCK-8.The intracellular content of MDA,activities of SOD and GSH were measured to determine the protective effect of the extract.The mRNA of Nrf-2 and caspase-3 were detected by real-time PCR to explore the protective mechanism. Results Compared to the normoxic control group,the cell survival rate in hypoxic group was 28.46% (P<0.01) after 24 hour hypoxia.The intracellular content of MDA increased 44.33% (P<0.05).The activities of SOD and GSH decreased by 16.18% and 30.64%,respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The result of RT-PCR showed the activation of Nrf2 with a 1.74 times increase of mRNA expression(P<0.05).Compared with hypoxic group,there was an dose-dependent increase of cell survival rate in H9C2 cells(P<0.01) when treated with areca catechu linn anhydrous ethanol extract during hypoxia.The intracellular activities of SOD and GSH also increased by 14.90% and 28.94%(P<0.05).The relative expression of Nrf2 mRNA decreased significantly by 66% (P<0.05). Conclusion The anhydrous alcohol extract of areca catechu linn has a significant protective effect on H9C2 cells against hypoxia.Its protective mechanism may relate to the improvement of intracellular antioxidant enzyme activity,the reduction of oxidative stress damage and the improvement of cell hypoxic tolerance.
2019, 37(4): 299-303.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.003
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Objective To investigate the protective effect and primary mechanism of Gallic acid on 60Co-γ ray induced Human Intestinal Epithelial cell (HIEC) damage. Methods HIEC in the exponential phase were inoculated in petri dishes and were randomly divided into sham exposure group and exposure group.The exposure group was exposed to 4Gy 60Co-γ ray.CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation ability.Clone formation method was used to observe the effects on clone formation ability,ELISA assay was used to evaluate the resistance effects on the lipid oxidation reaction,and Western-Blot test was used to observe the effects of GA on cycle protein Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in irradiated HIEC cells. Results 1.GA can promote the growth of HIEC cells 12h after GA treatment (P<0.05).But GA has a toxic effect on the HIEC growth 24h and 48h after the treatment.2.Compared with 4Gy 60Co-γ ray irradiation exposure group,GA(1,10,20 μmol/L) can increase the proliferation rate of HIEC cell significantly (P< 0.05).3.Compared with 4Gy 60Co-γ ray irradiation exposure group,pretreatment with GA(1,20 μmol/L) increased the clone formation rates of HIEC cell significantly (P<0.05).4.Compared with 4Gy 60Co-γ ray irradiation exposure group,SOD activity of GA(1,10,20μmol/L)treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05).GSH activity of 10 μmol/L GA treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05).5.The expression level of cell cycle protein Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in GA (1 μmol/L) treatment group were significantly increased compare with γ ray irradiation exposure group. Conclusion GA has protective effect on 60Co-γ ray irradiated HIEC cells.The mechanism may be related to the GA's capability as antioxidant,scavenging free radicals,regulating cell cycle and inhibiting cell apoptosis.
Objective To investigate the protective effect and primary mechanism of Gallic acid on 60Co-γ ray induced Human Intestinal Epithelial cell (HIEC) damage. Methods HIEC in the exponential phase were inoculated in petri dishes and were randomly divided into sham exposure group and exposure group.The exposure group was exposed to 4Gy 60Co-γ ray.CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation ability.Clone formation method was used to observe the effects on clone formation ability,ELISA assay was used to evaluate the resistance effects on the lipid oxidation reaction,and Western-Blot test was used to observe the effects of GA on cycle protein Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in irradiated HIEC cells. Results 1.GA can promote the growth of HIEC cells 12h after GA treatment (P<0.05).But GA has a toxic effect on the HIEC growth 24h and 48h after the treatment.2.Compared with 4Gy 60Co-γ ray irradiation exposure group,GA(1,10,20 μmol/L) can increase the proliferation rate of HIEC cell significantly (P< 0.05).3.Compared with 4Gy 60Co-γ ray irradiation exposure group,pretreatment with GA(1,20 μmol/L) increased the clone formation rates of HIEC cell significantly (P<0.05).4.Compared with 4Gy 60Co-γ ray irradiation exposure group,SOD activity of GA(1,10,20μmol/L)treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05).GSH activity of 10 μmol/L GA treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05).5.The expression level of cell cycle protein Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in GA (1 μmol/L) treatment group were significantly increased compare with γ ray irradiation exposure group. Conclusion GA has protective effect on 60Co-γ ray irradiated HIEC cells.The mechanism may be related to the GA's capability as antioxidant,scavenging free radicals,regulating cell cycle and inhibiting cell apoptosis.
2019, 37(4): 304-308.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.004
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Objective To study the protective effect of Shengxian decoction (SXT) and its each single herb component against doxorubicin induced cardiomyocyte injury. Methods Myocardial cells isolated from the neonatal rats with hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of cardiomyocytes were divided into eight groups,control group (Con group),doxorubicin-induced injury group (M group),and treatment groups with Shengxian decoction and its each single herb decoction (SXT,A-E groups) following doxorubicin-induced injury.The indicators tested included cell viability,cell ROS,Ca2+ and LDH levels. Results Compared with the control group,doxorubicin induced obvious myocardial injury in model group.Compared with the model group,all tested drug groups increased the cell viability,reduced the levels of cell Ca2+ and LDH.Besides,SXT and the single herb decoction reduced the concentration of ROS except the decoction of Platycodon grandiflorum and Cimicifuage Rhizoma.The experimental results suggested that the application of SXT in the early episode could reduce the cardiac toxicity of adriamycin to a certain extent. Conclusion SXT and its each single herb decoction showed protective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
Objective To study the protective effect of Shengxian decoction (SXT) and its each single herb component against doxorubicin induced cardiomyocyte injury. Methods Myocardial cells isolated from the neonatal rats with hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of cardiomyocytes were divided into eight groups,control group (Con group),doxorubicin-induced injury group (M group),and treatment groups with Shengxian decoction and its each single herb decoction (SXT,A-E groups) following doxorubicin-induced injury.The indicators tested included cell viability,cell ROS,Ca2+ and LDH levels. Results Compared with the control group,doxorubicin induced obvious myocardial injury in model group.Compared with the model group,all tested drug groups increased the cell viability,reduced the levels of cell Ca2+ and LDH.Besides,SXT and the single herb decoction reduced the concentration of ROS except the decoction of Platycodon grandiflorum and Cimicifuage Rhizoma.The experimental results suggested that the application of SXT in the early episode could reduce the cardiac toxicity of adriamycin to a certain extent. Conclusion SXT and its each single herb decoction showed protective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
2019, 37(4): 309-313,317.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.005
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Objective To investigate the chemical constituents and cytotoxic activities of breast cancer in the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques.The in vitro cytotoxic activities of breast cancer of the isolated compounds were studied by MTT method.Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and physiochemical properties. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata,and elucidated as 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-form yl-1-acetophenon ( 1 ),2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy- 3-methyl-1- acetophenon ( 2 ),ebracteolatain A ( 3 ),3,3'-diacetyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2',6,6'-tetrahydroxy diphenylmethan ( 4 ),jolkinolide B ( 5 ),jolkinolide A ( 6 ),linoleic acid ( 7 ),fischeria A ( 8 ),β-amyrin acetate ( 9 ),nonadecanoic acid monoglyceride ( 10 ).Compound 3 showed cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cell、Sum149 cell、MCF7 cell、ZR-75-1 cell、SKBr3 cell、BT474 cell with IC50values of (6.69±0.128),(5.50±0.126),(5.50±0.126),(7.08±0.111),(8.64±0.197),(5.42±0.113)μmol/L,respectively.Compound 4 had no cytotoxicity on the above cancer cells. Conclusion Compounds 6,7,8,10 were firstly isolated from Euphorbia ebracteolata.Compound 3 showed significant cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells.
Objective To investigate the chemical constituents and cytotoxic activities of breast cancer in the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques.The in vitro cytotoxic activities of breast cancer of the isolated compounds were studied by MTT method.Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and physiochemical properties. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata,and elucidated as 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-form yl-1-acetophenon ( 1 ),2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy- 3-methyl-1- acetophenon ( 2 ),ebracteolatain A ( 3 ),3,3'-diacetyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2',6,6'-tetrahydroxy diphenylmethan ( 4 ),jolkinolide B ( 5 ),jolkinolide A ( 6 ),linoleic acid ( 7 ),fischeria A ( 8 ),β-amyrin acetate ( 9 ),nonadecanoic acid monoglyceride ( 10 ).Compound 3 showed cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cell、Sum149 cell、MCF7 cell、ZR-75-1 cell、SKBr3 cell、BT474 cell with IC50values of (6.69±0.128),(5.50±0.126),(5.50±0.126),(7.08±0.111),(8.64±0.197),(5.42±0.113)μmol/L,respectively.Compound 4 had no cytotoxicity on the above cancer cells. Conclusion Compounds 6,7,8,10 were firstly isolated from Euphorbia ebracteolata.Compound 3 showed significant cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells.
2019, 37(4): 314-317.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.006
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Objective To investigate the secondary metabolites of the marine fungi Chaetomium sp. Methods The EtOAc extract of Chaetomium sp.fermentation was purified by repeated column chromatography on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and high-performance liquid chromatography.The isolated compounds were structurally elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with literatures previously reported. Results Four nonanolides including botryolides A,B,D,decarestrictine I,together with one sesquiterpene trichothecolone were isolated and structurally elucidated. Conclusion 5 Compounds were reported for the first time from the marine fungi Chaetomium sp.
Objective To investigate the secondary metabolites of the marine fungi Chaetomium sp. Methods The EtOAc extract of Chaetomium sp.fermentation was purified by repeated column chromatography on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and high-performance liquid chromatography.The isolated compounds were structurally elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with literatures previously reported. Results Four nonanolides including botryolides A,B,D,decarestrictine I,together with one sesquiterpene trichothecolone were isolated and structurally elucidated. Conclusion 5 Compounds were reported for the first time from the marine fungi Chaetomium sp.
2019, 37(4): 318-321.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.007
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Objective To investigate the distribution of resources and pharmacognostical characteristics of Abri herba and provide scientific basis for the identification and utilization of Abri herba safely and rationally. Methods Through the literature search,specimen comparison,field investigation of the commercial medicinal materials of Abrus cantoniensis Hance and Abrus mollis Hance,the resource distribution and pharmacognostical characteristics of Abri herba were clarified. Results Abrus cantoniensis was mainly distributed in Guangdong,Guangxi,Hunan and other places.Abrus mollis was mainly distributed in Guangdong,Guangxi,Fujian and other places.Abrus mollis is used as a substitute for Abri herba.There are some main differences in morphology,foliage,hair covering status between the two plants.Microstructure differences between those two plants were mainly exhibited in the distribution of non-glandular hairs and secondary xylem vessels. Conclusion Abri herba is an important traditional Southern medicine of China.The differences in plant morphology,medicinal properties and microscopic structure between Abrus cantoniensis and Abrus mollis.can be used as distinguishing features and serve as scientific basis for the safe use of Abri herba.
Objective To investigate the distribution of resources and pharmacognostical characteristics of Abri herba and provide scientific basis for the identification and utilization of Abri herba safely and rationally. Methods Through the literature search,specimen comparison,field investigation of the commercial medicinal materials of Abrus cantoniensis Hance and Abrus mollis Hance,the resource distribution and pharmacognostical characteristics of Abri herba were clarified. Results Abrus cantoniensis was mainly distributed in Guangdong,Guangxi,Hunan and other places.Abrus mollis was mainly distributed in Guangdong,Guangxi,Fujian and other places.Abrus mollis is used as a substitute for Abri herba.There are some main differences in morphology,foliage,hair covering status between the two plants.Microstructure differences between those two plants were mainly exhibited in the distribution of non-glandular hairs and secondary xylem vessels. Conclusion Abri herba is an important traditional Southern medicine of China.The differences in plant morphology,medicinal properties and microscopic structure between Abrus cantoniensis and Abrus mollis.can be used as distinguishing features and serve as scientific basis for the safe use of Abri herba.
2019, 37(4): 322-331.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.008
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Objective To develop a rapid identification method for domestic and imported hops by the establishment of PCA-SVM model using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS),combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Methods The hop samples from different sources were collected and ground into uniform powder.The NIR spectra of each powder sample were collected in the range of 4000~12500 cm-1.The characteristic spectrum segment was selected from 9000~4100 cm-1,which was pretreated by different spectral pretreatment methods and subjected to PCA dimensionality reduction.According to the 2-dimensional principal component plane scatter plot,the pretreatment method was optimized.The SVM pattern recognition model was established by using the best preprocessing method to process the PCA dimensionality reduction data of the post-spectrum.The SVM model parameters were searched by grid search method,genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO).The prediction accuracy of the PCA-SVM models built by different principal component numbers were compared to determine the optimal principal component number.Finally,the rapid NIR identification model of PCA-SVM is established. Results In the 6500~5400 cm-1 spectral segment,the first derivative (FD) is the best spectral pretreatment method,and the first 8 principal components are the best principal components of the spectrum extracted by PCA.The optimal SVM internal parameters are determined by the grid search method:the penalty factor(c)=2,the kernel function parameter(g)=1.The prediction accuracy rate of this hop PCA-SVM identification model was 97.37% for the 5-fold cross validation,97.37% for the calibration set and 97.44% for test set samples. Conclusion This model has high accuracy and consistent performance.It can be used for rapid and non-destructive identification of hop samples.
Objective To develop a rapid identification method for domestic and imported hops by the establishment of PCA-SVM model using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS),combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Methods The hop samples from different sources were collected and ground into uniform powder.The NIR spectra of each powder sample were collected in the range of 4000~12500 cm-1.The characteristic spectrum segment was selected from 9000~4100 cm-1,which was pretreated by different spectral pretreatment methods and subjected to PCA dimensionality reduction.According to the 2-dimensional principal component plane scatter plot,the pretreatment method was optimized.The SVM pattern recognition model was established by using the best preprocessing method to process the PCA dimensionality reduction data of the post-spectrum.The SVM model parameters were searched by grid search method,genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO).The prediction accuracy of the PCA-SVM models built by different principal component numbers were compared to determine the optimal principal component number.Finally,the rapid NIR identification model of PCA-SVM is established. Results In the 6500~5400 cm-1 spectral segment,the first derivative (FD) is the best spectral pretreatment method,and the first 8 principal components are the best principal components of the spectrum extracted by PCA.The optimal SVM internal parameters are determined by the grid search method:the penalty factor(c)=2,the kernel function parameter(g)=1.The prediction accuracy rate of this hop PCA-SVM identification model was 97.37% for the 5-fold cross validation,97.37% for the calibration set and 97.44% for test set samples. Conclusion This model has high accuracy and consistent performance.It can be used for rapid and non-destructive identification of hop samples.
2019, 37(4): 332-336.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.009
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Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects of Lysimachiae Herba for crystallization kidney injury with serum metabolomics method. Methods 21 rats were randomly divided into three groups including control group,crystallization kidney injury model group and Lysimachiae Herba-treated group.The medicated group received Lysimachiae Herba for 6 days.Then,the serum samples of each rat were collected and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS).The pattern recognition analysis of metabolomics differences among three groups was used to evaluate therapeutic effects of Lysimachiae Herba. Results 14 metabolites were identified through serum metabolomics analysis.The possible mechanism of crystallization kidney injury was mainly related to the metabolic products of purine,amino acid,fatty acid and sugar.The kidney injury by crystallization was alleviated by Lysimachiae Herba. Conclusion Lysimachiae Herba has preventive and therapeutic effects for crystallization kidney injury through partially regulating the perturbed purine metabolism,amino acid metabolism and glycometabolism.
Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects of Lysimachiae Herba for crystallization kidney injury with serum metabolomics method. Methods 21 rats were randomly divided into three groups including control group,crystallization kidney injury model group and Lysimachiae Herba-treated group.The medicated group received Lysimachiae Herba for 6 days.Then,the serum samples of each rat were collected and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS).The pattern recognition analysis of metabolomics differences among three groups was used to evaluate therapeutic effects of Lysimachiae Herba. Results 14 metabolites were identified through serum metabolomics analysis.The possible mechanism of crystallization kidney injury was mainly related to the metabolic products of purine,amino acid,fatty acid and sugar.The kidney injury by crystallization was alleviated by Lysimachiae Herba. Conclusion Lysimachiae Herba has preventive and therapeutic effects for crystallization kidney injury through partially regulating the perturbed purine metabolism,amino acid metabolism and glycometabolism.
2019, 37(4): 337-341,347.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.010
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Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of three triterpenoid saponins (BeesiosideⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),and investigate antioxidant effects of triterpenoid saponin extracted from Bessia calthaefolia. Methods The content assay of triterpenoid saponin extracted from Bessia calthaefolia was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography method with evaporative light-scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD).The methodology validation was performed to confirm the content determination.The free radicals scavenging activities and antioxidant effects of the triterpenoid saponin were evaluated in vitro. Results The HPLC-ELSD method can simultaneously determine the content of Beesioside I,Ⅱ and Ⅲ.It has good linearity,precision,repeatability and stability with high recovery.The triterpenoid saponins showed great activity on scavenging ABTS+、DPPH·and OH free radicals and antioxidant effects. Conclusion The HPLC-ELSD method has good specificity,stability,repeatability and accuracy.This method can be used for content determination and quality standard of three triterpenoid saponins (BeesiosideⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ) from Bessia calthaefolia.The triterpenoid saponins exhibited free radicals scavenging effects and antioxidant effects.
Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of three triterpenoid saponins (BeesiosideⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),and investigate antioxidant effects of triterpenoid saponin extracted from Bessia calthaefolia. Methods The content assay of triterpenoid saponin extracted from Bessia calthaefolia was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography method with evaporative light-scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD).The methodology validation was performed to confirm the content determination.The free radicals scavenging activities and antioxidant effects of the triterpenoid saponin were evaluated in vitro. Results The HPLC-ELSD method can simultaneously determine the content of Beesioside I,Ⅱ and Ⅲ.It has good linearity,precision,repeatability and stability with high recovery.The triterpenoid saponins showed great activity on scavenging ABTS+、DPPH·and OH free radicals and antioxidant effects. Conclusion The HPLC-ELSD method has good specificity,stability,repeatability and accuracy.This method can be used for content determination and quality standard of three triterpenoid saponins (BeesiosideⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ) from Bessia calthaefolia.The triterpenoid saponins exhibited free radicals scavenging effects and antioxidant effects.
2019, 37(4): 342-347.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.011
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Objective To investigate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide cream (TAC) delivered by microneedle roller on the treatment for human hypertrophic scar. Methods The model was established by xenografting human hypertrophic scar onto the back of nude mouse.Seventy-two nude mice were randomly divided into TAC itself,TAC with microneedle and intralesional injection group with 24 mice in each group.Six nude mice from each group were euthanized at 15,30,45 and 60 days after treatment.Xenografted scars were harvested for histologic analysis.The expression of CD34 and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) were detected by immunohistochemistry.Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method. Results 60 days after the treatment,there was no significant morphology change in TAC group.The scar was shrunk,soft and flat with lighter color in the microneedle and injection groups.The values of CD34 expression,α-smooth muscle actin and cell apoptosis in TAC group were 15.83±1.84,47.36±1.95,and 21.50±3.62,respectively,which had no significant difference compared with those after 15 days treatment(P>0.05).The decrease of the expression of CD34,α-SMA(P<0.05)and the increase of apoptotic cells(P<0.05)were observed 30 days after the microneedle treatment and 15 days after intralesional injection.60 days after the administration,the value of CD34 expression,α-SMA,and cell apoptosis in those two groups were 7.83±0.75,9.87±1.96,26.30±8.48 and 27.23±4.68,34.00±1.55,38.67±3.98,respectively,which had significant difference compared to TAC group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the microneedle group and the injection group in the expression of CD34,α-smooth muscle actin,and cell apoptosis. Conclusion The anti-scar effect of triamcinolone acetonide delivered by microneedle roller was similar to that by intralesional injection in the nude mouse model.
Objective To investigate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide cream (TAC) delivered by microneedle roller on the treatment for human hypertrophic scar. Methods The model was established by xenografting human hypertrophic scar onto the back of nude mouse.Seventy-two nude mice were randomly divided into TAC itself,TAC with microneedle and intralesional injection group with 24 mice in each group.Six nude mice from each group were euthanized at 15,30,45 and 60 days after treatment.Xenografted scars were harvested for histologic analysis.The expression of CD34 and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) were detected by immunohistochemistry.Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method. Results 60 days after the treatment,there was no significant morphology change in TAC group.The scar was shrunk,soft and flat with lighter color in the microneedle and injection groups.The values of CD34 expression,α-smooth muscle actin and cell apoptosis in TAC group were 15.83±1.84,47.36±1.95,and 21.50±3.62,respectively,which had no significant difference compared with those after 15 days treatment(P>0.05).The decrease of the expression of CD34,α-SMA(P<0.05)and the increase of apoptotic cells(P<0.05)were observed 30 days after the microneedle treatment and 15 days after intralesional injection.60 days after the administration,the value of CD34 expression,α-SMA,and cell apoptosis in those two groups were 7.83±0.75,9.87±1.96,26.30±8.48 and 27.23±4.68,34.00±1.55,38.67±3.98,respectively,which had significant difference compared to TAC group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the microneedle group and the injection group in the expression of CD34,α-smooth muscle actin,and cell apoptosis. Conclusion The anti-scar effect of triamcinolone acetonide delivered by microneedle roller was similar to that by intralesional injection in the nude mouse model.
2019, 37(4): 348-351.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.012
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Objective To determine the content of α-Asarone in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.from different habitats by HPLC. Methods The chromatographic column was Lichrospher C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm).The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05% H3PO4 solution (47:53) with a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1,the UV detection wavelength at 313 nm and the column temperature at 30℃. Results There was a good linear relationship for α-Asarone in the range of 0.097 0~1.934 μg (r=0.999 8).The average recovery was 99.94% (RSD=1.13%).The sample was stable within 24 h.The method had good repeatability. Conclusions This method is simple and accurate for the content assay of α-Asarone in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.It can be used to control the quality of Piper sarmentosum Roxb.There was a significant difference of α-Asarone content in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.from different provinces in China.The Piper sarmentosum Roxb.from Guangxi province has the highest content of α-Asarone.
Objective To determine the content of α-Asarone in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.from different habitats by HPLC. Methods The chromatographic column was Lichrospher C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm).The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05% H3PO4 solution (47:53) with a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1,the UV detection wavelength at 313 nm and the column temperature at 30℃. Results There was a good linear relationship for α-Asarone in the range of 0.097 0~1.934 μg (r=0.999 8).The average recovery was 99.94% (RSD=1.13%).The sample was stable within 24 h.The method had good repeatability. Conclusions This method is simple and accurate for the content assay of α-Asarone in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.It can be used to control the quality of Piper sarmentosum Roxb.There was a significant difference of α-Asarone content in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.from different provinces in China.The Piper sarmentosum Roxb.from Guangxi province has the highest content of α-Asarone.
2019, 37(4): 352-356,374.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.013
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method for the determination of the content of total flavonoids in compound Huanglian clysis. Methods Three reference substances and the three coloration methods were studied to find the ideal coloration method and determination conditions by spectrophotometry. Results The sample was detected at 371nm wavelength by NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH reaction with rutin as reference substance.A good linear relationship was observed in the concentration range of 2.488~12.44μg/ml for querceetin (r=0.9993),and the average recovery rate was 100.43% with RSD of 1.33%. Conclusion The NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH reaction was simple,quick,stable and reliable,which was proved to be applicable for the determination of the content of total flavonoids in compound Huanglian clysis.
Objective To establish a method for the determination of the content of total flavonoids in compound Huanglian clysis. Methods Three reference substances and the three coloration methods were studied to find the ideal coloration method and determination conditions by spectrophotometry. Results The sample was detected at 371nm wavelength by NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH reaction with rutin as reference substance.A good linear relationship was observed in the concentration range of 2.488~12.44μg/ml for querceetin (r=0.9993),and the average recovery rate was 100.43% with RSD of 1.33%. Conclusion The NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH reaction was simple,quick,stable and reliable,which was proved to be applicable for the determination of the content of total flavonoids in compound Huanglian clysis.
2019, 37(4): 357-360,369.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.014
Abstract:
Objective To establish a microbial limit test method for compound terbinafine gel. Methods The test was carried out according to the requirements of provision 1105,1106 and 1107 of rules of preparation in volume IV of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition.Experiments were made to observe the volume of rinsing solution,dilution ratio of the test solution and the content of the neutralizing agent. Results Compound terbinafine gel had antimicrobial activities on five tested strains.The method of neutralizing agent polysorbate 80 and film filtration could eliminate the bacteriostatic of the drug.The total number of aerobic bacteria was measured by 10 ml of 1:100 diluted solution and 300 ml washing solution.The total number of molds and yeasts were measured using 10 ml of 1:20 diluted solution and 800 ml washing solution.The recovery ratio of five test bacteria was within a range from 0.5 to 2.0.Staphylococcus aureus of the controlled bacteria was measured by10 ml of 1:10 diluted solution and 1 000 ml washing solution,as well as using increased cultural volume (600 ml).Pseudomonas aeruginosa of the controlled bacteria was measured by 10 ml from 1:10 diluted solution and 300 ml washing solution. Conclusion The method was suitable for the microbial limit test of compound terbinafine gel.
Objective To establish a microbial limit test method for compound terbinafine gel. Methods The test was carried out according to the requirements of provision 1105,1106 and 1107 of rules of preparation in volume IV of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition.Experiments were made to observe the volume of rinsing solution,dilution ratio of the test solution and the content of the neutralizing agent. Results Compound terbinafine gel had antimicrobial activities on five tested strains.The method of neutralizing agent polysorbate 80 and film filtration could eliminate the bacteriostatic of the drug.The total number of aerobic bacteria was measured by 10 ml of 1:100 diluted solution and 300 ml washing solution.The total number of molds and yeasts were measured using 10 ml of 1:20 diluted solution and 800 ml washing solution.The recovery ratio of five test bacteria was within a range from 0.5 to 2.0.Staphylococcus aureus of the controlled bacteria was measured by10 ml of 1:10 diluted solution and 1 000 ml washing solution,as well as using increased cultural volume (600 ml).Pseudomonas aeruginosa of the controlled bacteria was measured by 10 ml from 1:10 diluted solution and 300 ml washing solution. Conclusion The method was suitable for the microbial limit test of compound terbinafine gel.
2019, 37(4): 361-364.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.015
Abstract:
Objective To establish a double wavelength HPLC method for determination of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and ethylparaben in Zhiyang dishuang cream. Methods The HPLC method was adopted with the Wondasil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) and triethylamine solution-methanol-acetonitrile (52:43:5) as the mobile phase at the rate of 1 ml/min.The detection wavelength was 242 nm. Results The linear ranges of ethylparaben and dexamethasone phosphate were 21.42-64.26 μg/ml(r=1.0000)and 20.84-62.53μg/ml(r=0.9999)respectively.The average recoveries of the three contents were 99.1% and 99.0%,while RSD were 0.41% and 0.72%. Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,reproducible and suitable for quality control of Zhiyang dishuang cream.
Objective To establish a double wavelength HPLC method for determination of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and ethylparaben in Zhiyang dishuang cream. Methods The HPLC method was adopted with the Wondasil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) and triethylamine solution-methanol-acetonitrile (52:43:5) as the mobile phase at the rate of 1 ml/min.The detection wavelength was 242 nm. Results The linear ranges of ethylparaben and dexamethasone phosphate were 21.42-64.26 μg/ml(r=1.0000)and 20.84-62.53μg/ml(r=0.9999)respectively.The average recoveries of the three contents were 99.1% and 99.0%,while RSD were 0.41% and 0.72%. Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,reproducible and suitable for quality control of Zhiyang dishuang cream.
2019, 37(4): 365-369.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.016
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the pharmacological monitoring in a hepatic abscess patient after radiofrequency ablation for primary hepatocellular carcinoma with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The patient's liver and kidney function were monitored to tailor the medication regimen.The antibiotic therapy was adjusted based on the blood culture results.Blood pressure and blood sugar were also closely monitored.Pharmaceutical care is provided based on the diseases progress,the optimization of drug regimens,the monitoring of adverse drug reactions and interactions. Results In the course of treatment,no adverse drug reactions occurred.The infection was under control and the liver and kidney function returned to normal.The patient was recovered and discharged after 31 days of hospital stay. Conclusion Pharmaceutical care plays an active role in the antibiotic treatment for the seriously infected patients.
Objective To investigate the pharmacological monitoring in a hepatic abscess patient after radiofrequency ablation for primary hepatocellular carcinoma with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The patient's liver and kidney function were monitored to tailor the medication regimen.The antibiotic therapy was adjusted based on the blood culture results.Blood pressure and blood sugar were also closely monitored.Pharmaceutical care is provided based on the diseases progress,the optimization of drug regimens,the monitoring of adverse drug reactions and interactions. Results In the course of treatment,no adverse drug reactions occurred.The infection was under control and the liver and kidney function returned to normal.The patient was recovered and discharged after 31 days of hospital stay. Conclusion Pharmaceutical care plays an active role in the antibiotic treatment for the seriously infected patients.
2019, 37(4): 370-374.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.017
Abstract:
Objective To explore clinical pharmacists' role in antithrombotic therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inpatients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Clinical pharmacists used the acute coronary syndrome clinical risk score (GRACE) and anti-platelet and anticoagulant treatment bleeding risk score (Crusade) to assess the risk of ischemia and bleeding in order to adjust the dose for antiplatelet therapy.The causes of thrombocytopenia and coagulation were evaluated.The possible medication related factors were identified for HIT patient.Argatroban was used to replace anticoagulant therapy and APTT was closely monitored in order to adjust dose in a timely manner.Warfarin was recommended for the discharged patients based on the mechanism of action,adverse reactions,safety and economics. Results No bleeding or thromboembolic complications was observed on the patient with argatroban for anticoagulant therapy and aspirin plus clopidogrel as maintenance therapy. Conclusion With good understanding in pharmacology and pharmacokinetics,clinical pharmacists can help doctors to solve the problems related to drug therapy in time.Therefore,better pharmaceutical care can be provided to patients with improved medication safety and rationality.
Objective To explore clinical pharmacists' role in antithrombotic therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inpatients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Clinical pharmacists used the acute coronary syndrome clinical risk score (GRACE) and anti-platelet and anticoagulant treatment bleeding risk score (Crusade) to assess the risk of ischemia and bleeding in order to adjust the dose for antiplatelet therapy.The causes of thrombocytopenia and coagulation were evaluated.The possible medication related factors were identified for HIT patient.Argatroban was used to replace anticoagulant therapy and APTT was closely monitored in order to adjust dose in a timely manner.Warfarin was recommended for the discharged patients based on the mechanism of action,adverse reactions,safety and economics. Results No bleeding or thromboembolic complications was observed on the patient with argatroban for anticoagulant therapy and aspirin plus clopidogrel as maintenance therapy. Conclusion With good understanding in pharmacology and pharmacokinetics,clinical pharmacists can help doctors to solve the problems related to drug therapy in time.Therefore,better pharmaceutical care can be provided to patients with improved medication safety and rationality.
2019, 37(4): 375-379.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.018
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury. Methods The literatures related to randomized controlled trials (RCT) of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate treatment in patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,WanFang database,PubMed,EMbase and Cochrane Library.The collected literatures were published before April 2019.Based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria,the literatures were screened,and data were extracted by two researchers independently.Meanwhile the quality of the included studies was assessed.Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.2 software. Results 823 patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in ten RCT were enrolled.The meta-analysis demonstrated,a) compared with control group,the early-stage administration of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate can effectively treat liver injury caused by antituberculosis drugs with statistical significance,and b) magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate can significantly reduce the alanine aminotransferase level and improve the total bilirubin level during the treatment. Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate administration is an effective treatment for liver injury caused by antituberculosis drugs although more high-quality researches are needed for further verification.
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury. Methods The literatures related to randomized controlled trials (RCT) of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate treatment in patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,WanFang database,PubMed,EMbase and Cochrane Library.The collected literatures were published before April 2019.Based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria,the literatures were screened,and data were extracted by two researchers independently.Meanwhile the quality of the included studies was assessed.Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.2 software. Results 823 patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in ten RCT were enrolled.The meta-analysis demonstrated,a) compared with control group,the early-stage administration of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate can effectively treat liver injury caused by antituberculosis drugs with statistical significance,and b) magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate can significantly reduce the alanine aminotransferase level and improve the total bilirubin level during the treatment. Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate administration is an effective treatment for liver injury caused by antituberculosis drugs although more high-quality researches are needed for further verification.
2019, 37(4): 380-384.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2019.04.019
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the utilization of Chinese patent medicines in a hospital outpatient pharmacy in Shanghai and evaluate the effectiveness of measures to control the component ratio of the medications. Methods The sales volume and total cost of outpatient Chinese patent medicines in the hospital from January 1,2015 to December 31,2017 were investigated.The medication usage was analyzed by DDDs and DUI. Results With only 8.4% drop in the outpatient numbers,the total cost of Chinese patent medicine in the outpatient pharmacy decreased from 14.968 million yuan in 2015 to 11.475 million yuan in 2017,a decrease of 23.3%.The number of Chinese patent medicines used in the hospital decreased sharply from 362414.6 boxes/bottles in 2015 to 270144.5 boxes/bottles in 2017,a decrease of 25.5%.DDDs of most drugs showed a steady downward trend,but the DUI index did not change significantly. Conclusion The hospital has taken effective measures to reduce the component ratio and cost of medications to promote rational drug use since 2016. The phased target of reducing the component ratio of medications to 35% in 2017 was achieved. The use of Chinese patent medicines tends to be reasonable.
Objective To analyze the utilization of Chinese patent medicines in a hospital outpatient pharmacy in Shanghai and evaluate the effectiveness of measures to control the component ratio of the medications. Methods The sales volume and total cost of outpatient Chinese patent medicines in the hospital from January 1,2015 to December 31,2017 were investigated.The medication usage was analyzed by DDDs and DUI. Results With only 8.4% drop in the outpatient numbers,the total cost of Chinese patent medicine in the outpatient pharmacy decreased from 14.968 million yuan in 2015 to 11.475 million yuan in 2017,a decrease of 23.3%.The number of Chinese patent medicines used in the hospital decreased sharply from 362414.6 boxes/bottles in 2015 to 270144.5 boxes/bottles in 2017,a decrease of 25.5%.DDDs of most drugs showed a steady downward trend,but the DUI index did not change significantly. Conclusion The hospital has taken effective measures to reduce the component ratio and cost of medications to promote rational drug use since 2016. The phased target of reducing the component ratio of medications to 35% in 2017 was achieved. The use of Chinese patent medicines tends to be reasonable.
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