[1]
|
DON SEBASTIAN, RAVI M, DINESH K. Comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus nerve blocks[J]. Journal of dental and medical science,2015,14(3):2279-2861. |
[2]
|
GERTLER R, BROWN HC, MITCHELL DH, et al. Dexmedetomidine:a novel sedative-analgesic agent[J]. Proc. (Bayl Univ Med Cent), 2001, 14(1):13-21. |
[3]
|
TALKE P, RICHARDSON CA, SCHEININ M, et al. Postoperative pharmacokinetics and sympatholytic effects of dexmedetomidine[J]. Anesth Analg,1997; 85(5):1136-1142. |
[4]
|
TAIJI K. Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (Precedex), a new sedative in intensive care, its pharmacological characteristics and clinical study result[J]. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi,2004,124(3):171-179. |
[5]
|
DUKA I, GAVRAS I, JOHNS C,et al. Role of the postsynaptic alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor subtypes in catecholamine-induced vasoconstriction[J]. Gen Pharmacol,2000,34(2):101-106. |
[6]
|
TURAN A,MEMIS D,KAYA G, et al. The prevention of pain from injection of propofol by dexmedetomidine and comparison with lidocaine[J].Can J Anaesth,2005,52(5):548-549. |
[7]
|
AGARWAL S, AGGARWAL R, GUPTA P. Dexmedetomidine prolongs the effect of bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block[J].Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol,2014, 30(1):36-40. |
[8]
|
DAR FA, NAJAR MR, JAN N.Dexmedetomidine Added to Ropivacaine Prolongs Axillary Brachial Plexus Block[J].International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research,2013, 4(10):719-722. |
[9]
|
ZHANG Y, WANG CS, SHI JH, et al. Perineural administration of dexmedetomidine in combination with ropivacaine prolongs axillary brachial plexus block[J]. Int J Clin Exp Med,2014; 7(3):680-685. |
[10]
|
BHARTI N, SARDANA DK, BALA I. The analgesic efficacy of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to local anesthetics in supraclavicular brachial plexus block:a randomized controlled trial[J]. Anesth Analg,2015,121(6):1655-1660. |
[11]
|
ABDALLAH FW,BRULL R. Facilitatory effects of perineural dexmedetomidine on neuraxial and peripheral nerve block:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Br J Anaesth,2013,110(6):915-925. |
[12]
|
RANCOURT MP,ALBERT NT,CÔTÉM,et al. Posterior tibial nerve sensory blockade duration prolonged by adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine[J]. Anesth Analg,2012,115(4):958-962. |
[13]
|
ABDULATIF M, FAWZY M, NASSAR H,et al. The effects of perineural dexmedetomidine on the pharmacodynamic profile of femoral nerve block:a dose-finding randomised, controlled, double-blind study[J]. Anaesthesia,2016;71(10):1177-1185. |
[14]
|
HELAL SM, ESKANDR AM, GABALLAH KM,et al. Effects of perineural administration of dexmedetomidine in combination with bupivacaine in a femoral-sciatic nerve block[J]. Saudi J Anaesth,2016; 10(1):18-24. |
[15]
|
LUNDBLAD M, MARHOFER D, EKSBORG S, et al. Dexmedetomidine as adjunct to ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks for pediatric inguinal hernia repair:an exploratory randomized controlled trial[J]. Paediatr Anaesth,2015, 25(9):897-905. |
[16]
|
ALMARAKBI WA, KAKI AM.Addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block potentiates post-operative pain relief among abdominal hysterectomy patients:A prospective randomized controlled trial[J]. Saudi J Anaesth,2014,8(2):161-166. |
[17]
|
KIVIST KT, KALLIO A, NEUVONEN PJ.Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of transdermal dexmedetomidine[J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,1994;46(4):345-349. |
[18]
|
BRUMMETT CM, NORAT MA,PALMISANO JM,et al. Perineural administration of dexmedetomidine in combination with bupivacaine enhances sensory and motor blockade in sciatic nerve block without inducing neurotoxicity in rat[J].Anesthesiology,2008; 109(3):502-511. |
[19]
|
KONAKCI S,ADANIR T,YILMAZ G,et al. The efficacy and neurotoxicity of dexmedetomidine administered via the epidural route[J]. Eur J Anaesthesiol,2008,25(5):403-409. |
[20]
|
ANDERSEN JH, GREVSTAD U, SIEGEL H,et al. Does dexmedetomidine have a perineural mechanism of action when used as an adjuvant to ropivacaine? A paired, blinded, randomized trial in healthy volunteers[J].Anesthesiology,2017;126(1):66-73. |
[21]
|
HARSHAVARDHANA HS.Efficacy of dexmedetomidine compared to clonidine added to ropivacaine in supraclavicular nerve blocks:A prospective, randomized, double blind study[J]. Int J Med Health Sci,2014,(3);127-133. |
[22]
|
SWAMI SS, KENIYA VM, LADI SD,et al. Comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine (a2 agonist drugs) as an adjuvant to local anaesthesia in supraclavicular brachial plexus block:A randomised double-blind prospective study[J]. Indian J Anaesth,2012,56(3):243-249. |
[23]
|
SONG JH,SHIM HY,LEE TJ,et al. Comparison of dexmedetomidine and epinephrine as an adjuvant to 1% mepivacaine in brachial plexus block[J]. Korean J Anesthesiol,2014,66(4):283-289. |
[24]
|
MAHENDRU V,TEWARI A,KATYAL S,et al. A comparison of intrathecal dexmedetomidine,clonidine,and fentanyl as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine for lower limb surgery:A double blind controlled study[J]. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol,2013,29(4):496-502. |
[25]
|
STARKE K,WAGNER J,SCHVMANN HJ. Adrenergic neuron blockade by clonidine:comparison with guanethidine and local anesthetics[J]. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther,1972,195(2):291-308. |
[26]
|
BRUMMETT CM,HONG EK,JANDA AM,et al. Perineural dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine for sciatic nerve block in rats prolongs the duration of analgesia by blocking the hyperpolarization-activated cation current[J]. Anesthesiology,2011,115(4):836-843. |
[27]
|
BUTTERWORTH JF 5TH,STRICHARTZ GR. The alpha 2-adrenergic agonists clonidine and guanfacine produce tonic and phasic block of conduction in rat sciatic nerve fibers[J]. Anesth Analg,1993,76(2):295-301. |
[28]
|
YOSHITOMI T,KOHJITANI A,MAEDA S,et al. Dexmedetomidine enhances the local anesthetic action of lidocaine via an alpha-2A adrenoceptor[J]. Anesth Analg,2008,107(1):96-101. |
[29]
|
李金玉,葛东建,祁宾,等. 不同剂量右美托咪定混合罗哌卡因用于臂丛神经阻滞的效果[J]. 中华麻醉学杂志,2013,33(6):711-713. |
[30]
|
MARHOFER P, BRUMMETT CM. Safety and efficiency of dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to local anesthetics[J]. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol,2016;29(5):632-637. |